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      Clinical Efficacy of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Patients with MPO-ANCA-Associated Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

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          Abstract

          Background: To determinewhether intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) cancontrol disease activity in patients with myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA)-associated rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). Methods: Twelve patients with serologically and histologically confirmed MPO-ANCA-associated RPGN (7 men, 5 women; mean age 71 ± 3 years) received IVIg (400 mg/kg/day) alone for 5 days. The effects of IVIg were evaluated by white blood cell counts, serum C-reactive protein levels, Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, rate of change in reciprocal creatinine (1/Cre), and plasma tumor necrosis factor-α levels after IVIg administration. Corticosteroids with or without cyclophosphamide were commenced after IVIg. Results:After IVIg treatment, a significant decrease was observed in white blood cell count (p < 0.05), C-reactive protein values (p < 0.001), and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (p < 0.001) concomitant with the amelioration of systemic symptoms. The rate of change in 1/Cre significantly improved (p < 0.05). Plasma tumor necrosis factor-α levels that were significantly elevated in patients before IVIg compared with normal controls (p < 0.0001), rapidly declined after IVIg with a significant reduction(p < 0.05). Three months post-treatment with IVIg, all patients showed improvement of disease without serious infectious complications. Conclusion: IVIg is a potential component of remission induction therapy for patients with MPO-ANCA-associated RPGN.

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          Immunomodulation of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with intravenous immune globulin.

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            AUTOANTIBODIES AGAINST NEUTROPHILS AND MONOCYTES: TOOL FOR DIAGNOSIS AND MARKER OF DISEASE ACTIVITY IN WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS

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              Intravenous immunoglobulin for ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis with persistent disease activity.

              Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a potential alternative treatment for anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated systemic vasculitis (AASV) with less toxicity than conventional immunosuppressive agents. This randomized, placebo-controlled trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of a single course of IVIg (total dose 2 g/kg) in previously-treated AASV with persistent disease activity in whom there was an intention to escalate therapy. Vasculitic activity was monitored by the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS), C-reactive protein (CRP) and ANCA levels. Treatment response was defined as a reduction in BVAS of more than 50% after 3 months, and there was an intention to keep doses of concurrent immunosuppressive drugs unchanged during this period; follow-up continued to 12 months. Seventeen patients were randomized to receive IVIg and 17 to receive placebo. Treatment responses were found in 14/17 and 6/17 of the IVIg and placebo groups, respectively (p=0.015, OR 8.56, 95%CI 1.74-42.2). Following infusion of trial medication, greater falls in CRP were seen at 2 weeks (p=0.02) and 1 month (p=0.04) in the IVIg group. No differences were observed between ANCA levels or cumulative exposure to immunosuppressive drugs, and after 3 months there were no differences in CRP levels or disease activity between the IVIg and placebo groups. Seventeen adverse effects occurred after IVIg and six after placebo: they were mostly mild, although reversible rises in serum creatinine occurred in four from the IVIg group. A single course of IVIg reduced disease activity in persistent AASV, but this effect was not maintained beyond 3 months; mild, reversible side-effects following IVIg were frequent. IVIg is an alternative treatment for AASV with persistent disease activity after standard therapy.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                NEC
                Nephron Clin Pract
                10.1159/issn.1660-2110
                Nephron Clinical Practice
                S. Karger AG
                1660-2110
                2006
                January 2006
                22 September 2005
                : 102
                : 1
                : c35-c42
                Affiliations
                aDepartment of Nephrology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, bDivision of Nephrology, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Foundation, Medical Research Institute, Osaka, and cBiodefense Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID-NIH), Tokyo, Japan
                Article
                88313 Nephron Clin Pract 2006;102:c35–c42
                10.1159/000088313
                16174989
                922516bc-3a19-48cb-b3be-5b9a4d5fe943
                © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 2, References: 23, Pages: 1
                Categories
                Original Paper

                Cardiovascular Medicine,Nephrology
                Intravenous immunoglobulin,Tumor necrosis factor-α,MPO-ANCA

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