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      Plan de cuidados para ancianos con depresión: a propósito de un caso Translated title: Care plan for depression in the elderly. About a case

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          Abstract

          Resumen La depresión es una enfermedad mental que cursa entre otros síntomas con alteración del estado de ánimo. Existen multitud de tratamientos en los que se encuadran psicofármacos además de otras terapias entre las que destaca la movilidad física. Se ha demostrado que el ejercicio tiene grandes beneficios que mejoran claramente los síntomas de depresión geriátrica. Cabe destacar que enfermería tiene un papel indispensable en la detección precoz de los síntomas, la realización de diagnósticos enfermeros y la ejecución correcta de las actividades de enfermería. Se realizó un plan de cuidados a un paciente anciano con depresión de una Residencia de Zaragoza. Las intervenciones estaban relacionadas con el aumento de la movilidad física para reducir la depresión en esta persona. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de artículos científicos a través de diversas bases de datos y se consultaron libros disponibles en la biblioteca de la Universidad de Zaragoza. Para la realización del plan de cuidados se utilizó el marco de valoración de Marjory Gordon y sus 11 patrones funcionales de salud y las etiquetas diagnósticas de la taxonomía NANDA-I así como los criterios de resultados (NOC) y las intervenciones (NIC). La movilidad física ayuda a mejorar la depresión en el paciente geriátrico realizando un abordaje global. Esto se llevará a cabo mediante la confianza del paciente en el profesional de enfermería, la expresión de sentimientos y el apoyo junto con el aumento de la movilidad física.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Depression is a mental illness which deals with alteration of mood, among other symptoms. There is a high variety of treatments like psychotropic drugs. There are also other therapies, among which physical mobility stands out. It has been tested that exercise has intense benefits which clearly improve the symptoms of geriatric depression. It should be noticed that nursing has an essential role in the early detection of symptoms, diagnostics development and proper execution of nursing activities. A care plan for an elderly patient with depression was carried out in a residence in Zaragoza. Activities were related to physical mobility increase in order to reduce depression in this person. A bibliographical search of scientific papers has been made through several databases. Some available books in the library of the University of Zaragoza were consulted as well. Marjory Gordon's model and its 11 functional health patterns, NANDA taxonomy Diagnostics Labels, and Results Criteria (NOC) and interventions (NIC) were used for the care plan Physical mobility helps to improve depression in the geriatric patient, doing a global approach. This project will be carried out through the patient confidence in the professional, the feelings expression and the support all together with the physical mobility increase.

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          Most cited references33

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          Psychological distress and quality of life in older persons: relative contributions of fixed and modifiable risk factors

          Background With a rapidly ageing population and increasing life expectancy, programs directed at improving the mental health and quality of life (QOL) of older persons are extremely important. This issue may be particularly relevant in the aged-care residential sector, where very high rates of depression and poor QOL are evident. This study aims to investigate the fixed and modifiable risk factors of psychological distress and QOL in a cohort of Australians aged 60 and over living in residential and community settings. Methods The study examined the relationship between demographic, health and lifestyle factors and the outcome variables of self-reported QOL and psychological distress (K10 scores) based on data from 626 Australians aged 60 and over from the 45 and Up Study dataset. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses (performed on a subset of 496) examined risk factors related to psychological distress and QOL adjusting for age and residential status. Results Significant psychological distress was experienced by 15% of the residential sample and 7% of the community sample and in multivariate analyses was predicted by older age, more functional limitations, more time spent sleeping and lower levels of social support (accounting for 18% of the variance). Poorer QOL was predicted by more functional limitations and greater levels of psychological distress. Together these variables accounted for 35% of the variance in QOL ratings. Conclusions While psychological distress was more common in residential settings, programs targeting modifiable risk factors have the potential to improve QOL and reduce psychological distress in older persons living in both residential and community settings. In particular, promoting health and mobility, optimising sleep-wake cycles and increasing social support may reduce levels of psychological distress and improve QOL.
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            Depression and associated factors in older adults in South Africa

            Background and objective Late-life depression is an important public health problem because of its devastating consequences. The study aims to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of self-reported symptom-based depression in a national sample of older South Africans who participated in the Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE wave 1) in 2008. Methods We conducted a national population-based cross-sectional study with a probability sample of 3,840 individuals aged 50 years or above in South Africa in 2008. The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, health variables, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements as well as questions on depression symptoms in the past 12 months. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to assess the association of socio-demographic factors, health variables, and depression. Results The overall prevalence of symptom-based depression in the past 12 months was 4.0%. In multivariable analysis, functional disability, lack of quality of life, and chronic conditions (angina, asthma, arthritis, and nocturnal sleep problems) were associated with self-reported depression symptoms in the past 12 months. Conclusions Self-reported depression in older South Africans seems to be a public health problem calling for appropriate interventions to reduce occurrence. Factors identified to be associated with depression, including functional disability, lack of quality of life, and chronic conditions (angina, asthma, arthritis, and nocturnal sleep problems), can be used to guide interventions. The identified protective and risk factors can help in formulating public health care policies to improve quality of life among older adults.
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              The importance of full-time work for urban adults' mental and physical health.

              Unemployment and underemployment have adverse mental and physical health consequences, such as increased stress and depression. Health damaging behaviors like unhealthy eating, smoking, and alcohol use may be used to cope, contributing to chronic disease risk. In this adverse economic climate, it is vital to understand the health implications of unemployment and underemployment as well as underlying mechanisms. A randomized household survey of adults in six low resource communities was conducted in New Haven, Connecticut in 2009, yielding a sample of 1205 (73% participation) racially diverse adults (61% Black, 20% Latino, 12% White) ages 18-65 (61% women). We used ANOVA to test group differences and structural equation modeling to test mediation. 14.5% were unemployed and looking for work, 18.4% worked part-time, 38.2% worked full-time. Those employed full-time reported the least damaging psychological factors and health behaviors: lowest levels of stress and depression, most healthy and least unhealthy eating, most physical activity, and lowest levels of smoking and drinking. Those employed part-time fell in the middle, and those unemployed fell on the unhealthy end of all psychological and behavioral factors. Stress significantly mediated the associations of full-time employment with frequency of unhealthy eating and physical activity, and amount of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Depression significantly mediated the association of full-time employment with frequency of healthy eating. Compared to <10% nationwide, rates of unemployment in this sample were high. Both those unemployed and employed part-time reported adverse health behaviors as compared to those employed full-time, partially mediated by heightened stress and depression. It is vital for the health and well-being of the nation to increase not simply employment, but specifically full-time employment. Provision of mental health services to those unemployed and underemployed should be a priority to promote healthier lifestyles and prevent costly future chronic disease. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ene
                Ene
                Ene.
                Martín Rodríguez Álvaro (Santa Cruz de La Palma, La Palma, Spain )
                1988-348X
                2020
                : 14
                : 3
                : e14313
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameCentro Residencial Ancianos Madre de Dios de Begoña
                Article
                S1988-348X2020000300013 S1988-348X(20)01400300013
                92999db4-cd5a-48ab-bcdf-cb2faeb17573

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 June 2020
                : 01 October 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Casos Clínicos / Plan de Cuidados

                Enfermería,Ejercicio,Factores de riesgo,Depresión,Ancianos,risk factors,exercise,nursing,depression,elderly

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