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      Enfermedad de Wilson en España: validación de fuentes utilizadas por los Registros de Enfermedades Raras Translated title: Wilson's disease in Spain: validation of sources of information used by the Rare Diseases Registries

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar las fuentes de información empleadas por los Registros Autonómicos de Enfermedades Raras (RAER) para la captación de la enfermedad de Wilson en España, calcular su prevalencia y mortalidad, y describir las características sociodemográficas de las personas afectadas. Método: Estudio epidemiológico transversal, periodo 2010-2015. Se captaron los posibles casos mediante los códigos 275.1 (CIE-9-MC), E83.0 (CIE-10) y 905 ORPHA en 15 RAER y el Registro de Pacientes de Enfermedades Raras del Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Los diagnósticos fueron validados revisando la documentación clínica. Se calcularon el valor predictivo positivo (VPP) de las fuentes de información, la prevalencia, la mortalidad y la distribución de las características sociodemográficas. Resultados: El Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos (CMBD) fue la fuente de información más utilizada por los RAER (VPP = 39,4%), seguida del Registro de Medicamentos Huérfanos (RMH) (VPP = 81,9%). La Historia Clínica de Atención Primaria (HCAP) obtuvo un VPP del 55,9%. Las combinaciones con mayor VPP fueron las del RMH con el CMBD (VPP = 95,8%) y del RMH con la HCAP (VPP = 92,9%). Se confirmaron 514 casos, el 57,2% eran hombres, cuya edad mediana de diagnóstico fue de 21,3 años. La prevalencia fue de 1,64/100.000 habitantes en 2015 y la mortalidad del 3,0%, siendo ambas superiores en los hombres. Conclusión: Se recomienda la incorporación en los RAER del RMH y de la HCAP, ya que su combinación y la del RMH con el CMBD podrían utilizarse como criterio de validación automática para la enfermedad de Wilson. La prevalencia obtenida fue similar a la de otros países próximos a España.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: To evaluate the sources of information used by the Regional Population-based Registries of Rare Diseases (RRD) for Wilson's Disease identification in Spain; to calculate its prevalence and mortality; and to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of those affected. Method: Cross-sectional epidemiological study, period 2010-2015. Possible cases were identified by codes 275.1 (ICD-9-CM), E83.0 (ICD-10) and 905 (ORPHAcode) in: 15 participating RRD and the Rare Disease Patients Registry of the Carlos III Health Institute. The diagnoses were confirmed through a clinical documentation review. The positive predictive value (PPV) of the sources of information used by RRD and their combinations were obtained. The prevalence, mortality and the distribution of sociodemographic characteristics were calculated. Results: The Hospital Discharge Database (HDD) was the most used source by the RRD (PPV = 39.4%), followed by the Orphan Drugs Registry (ODR) (PPV = 81.9%). The Clinical History of Primary Care (PC) obtains PPV = 55.9%. The combinations with highest PPV were the ODR with HDD (PPV = 95.8%) and the ODR with PC (PPV = 92.9%). 514 cases were confirmed, 57.2% men, with a median age of diagnosis of 21.3 years. The prevalence was 1.64/100,000 inhabitants in 2015 and mortality rate was 3.0%, being both higher in men. Conclusions: Incorporation of ODR and PC into the RRD is recommended, as its combination and ODR with HDD could be used as an automatic validation criterion for Wilson's disease. The prevalence obtained was similar to that of countries close to Spain.

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          Most cited references29

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          EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Wilson's disease.

          (2012)
          This Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) has been developed to assist physicians and other healthcare providers in the diagnosis and management of patients with Wilson's disease. The goal is to describe a number of generally accepted approaches for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Wilson's disease. Recommendations are based on a systematic literature review in the Medline (PubMed version), Embase (Dialog version), and the Cochrane Library databases using entries from 1966 to 2011. The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system used in other EASL CPGs was used and set against the somewhat different grading system used in the AASLD guidelines (Table 1A and B). Unfortunately, there is not a single randomized controlled trial conducted in Wilson's disease which has an optimal design. Thus, it is impossible to assign a high or even a moderate quality of evidence to any of the questions dealt with in these guidelines. The evaluation is mostly based on large case series which have been reported within the last decades. Copyright © 2011 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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            Long-term outcomes of patients with Wilson disease in a large Austrian cohort.

            Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects copper metabolism, leading to copper accumulation in liver, central nervous system, and kidneys. There are few data on long-term outcomes and survival from large cohorts; we studied these features in a well-characterized Austrian cohort of patients with Wilson disease.
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              Diagnosis of Wilson's disease: an experience over three decades.

              Wilson's disease is a rare but treatable condition that often presents diagnostic dilemmas. These dilemmas have for the most part not been resolved by the identification and cloning of the Wilson's disease gene. To report our experience over three decades with patients with Wilson's disease in order to illustrate the diverse patterns of presentation and thereby broaden the approach to diagnosis. Clinical and laboratory findings of 30 patients with Wilson's disease were reviewed. Twenty two patients presented with liver manifestations (eight with fulminant hepatic failure and 14 with chronic liver disease), three with neurological disease, and one with haemolysis; four were asymptomatic siblings of patients with Wilson's disease. Seventy per cent were diagnosed within six months of the onset of symptoms, but diagnosis was delayed for up to nine years. Age range at diagnosis was wide (7-58 years) and five patients were over 40. In patients presenting with non-fulminant disease, 18% had neither Kayser-Fleischer rings nor low caeruloplasmin concentrations. Increased liver copper concentrations were found in all but one patient who had undergone six years of penicillamine treatment. In fulminant hepatic failure (n=8) additional features helpful in the diagnosis included evidence of haemolysis, increased urinary copper (range 844-9375 microg/24 h), and a high non-caeruloplasmin copper (range 325-1743 microg/l). The diagnosis of Wilson's disease still depends primarily on the evaluation of clinical and laboratory evidence of abnormal copper metabolism. No one feature is reliable, but the diagnosis can usually be made provided that it is suspected. Wilson's disease should be considered in patients of any age with obscure hepatic or neurological abnormalities.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                gs
                Gaceta Sanitaria
                Gac Sanit
                Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS) (Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain )
                0213-9111
                December 2021
                : 35
                : 6
                : 551-558
                Affiliations
                [6] Murcia orgnameConsejería de Salud, Región de Murcia orgdiv1Servicio de Planificación y Financiación Sanitaria España
                [3] Valencia orgnameConselleria de Sanitat, Comunitat Valenciana orgdiv1Dirección General de Salud Pública y Adicciones España
                [2] orgnameCIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) orgdiv1Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Raras
                [4] Pamplona orgnameInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) orgdiv1Instituto de Salud Pública y Laboral de Navarra orgdiv2Sección del Observatorio de la Salud Comunitaria España
                [5] Valladolid orgnameConsejería de Sanidad, Junta de Castilla y León orgdiv2Servicio de Información de Salud Pública España
                [1] Valencia orgnameUniversitat de València orgdiv1Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana orgdiv2Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Enfermedades Raras España
                [9] Valencia orgnameUniversitat de València orgdiv1Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Ciencias de la Alimentación, Toxicología y Medicina Legal España
                [8] orgnameCIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) España
                [7] Madrid orgnameConsejería de Sanidad de la Comunidad de Madrid orgdiv1Dirección General de Salud Pública orgdiv2Servicio de Informes de Salud y Estudios España
                Article
                S0213-91112021000600551 S0213-9111(21)03500600551
                10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.07.011
                33010964
                92d378fd-a34d-4212-9a1b-f123d7d292d5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 27 May 2020
                : 15 July 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
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                Epidemiology,Wilson disease,Health information systems,Data sources,Prevalence,Epidemiología,Prevalencia,Rare diseases,Sistemas de información en salud,Enfermedad de Wilson,Enfermedades raras,Fuentes de datos

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