A survey of diverse earth abundant oxygen evolution electrocatalysts showing enhanced activity from Ni–Fe oxides containing a third metal

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Abstract

Mixed metal oxides containing Ni, Fe, and a third metal constitute a broad family of highly active water oxidation electrocatalysts.

Mixed metal oxides comprise a diverse class of materials that are appealing as potential water oxidation electrocatalysts. Here we report combinatorial screening of nearly 3500 trimetallic A _xB _yC _zO _q mixed metal oxide compositions that led to the discovery of electrocatalysts with enhanced activity relative to, inter alia, the well-studied pure oxides, ABO ₃, and AB ₂O ₄ stoichiometries of those metals. Using a fluorescence-based parallel screening method, we directly detect electrolytic oxygen-evolution activity of catalyst arrays under alkaline conditions. From these data, composition–activity relationships amongst mixed oxides composed of earth-abundant elements have been determined. Significant sustained activity is observed only in the presence of Co or Ni, and the data draw attention to synergistic interactions between these redox-active ions and Lewis-acidic cations, such as Fe, Al, Ga, and Cr. The best activities are observed with oxides composed of Ni and Fe, together with another element.

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A perovskite oxide optimized for oxygen evolution catalysis from molecular orbital principles.

Jin Suntivich, Kevin May, Hubert Gasteiger … (2011)

The efficiency of many energy storage technologies, such as rechargeable metal-air batteries and hydrogen production from water splitting, is limited by the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). We found that Ba(0.5)Sr(0.5)Co(0.8)Fe(0.2)O(3-δ) (BSCF) catalyzes the OER with intrinsic activity that is at least an order of magnitude higher than that of the state-of-the-art iridium oxide catalyst in alkaline media. The high activity of BSCF was predicted from a design principle established by systematic examination of more than 10 transition metal oxides, which showed that the intrinsic OER activity exhibits a volcano-shaped dependence on the occupancy of the 3d electron with an e(g) symmetry of surface transition metal cations in an oxide. The peak OER activity was predicted to be at an e(g) occupancy close to unity, with high covalency of transition metal-oxygen bonds.

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An advanced Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide electrocatalyst for water oxidation.

Ming Gong, Yanguang Li, Hailiang Wang … (2013)

Highly active, durable, and cost-effective electrocatalysts for water oxidation to evolve oxygen gas hold a key to a range of renewable energy solutions, including water-splitting and rechargeable metal-air batteries. Here, we report the synthesis of ultrathin nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) nanoplates on mildly oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Incorporation of Fe into the nickel hydroxide induced the formation of NiFe-LDH. The crystalline NiFe-LDH phase in nanoplate form is found to be highly active for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solutions. For NiFe-LDH grown on a network of CNTs, the resulting NiFe-LDH/CNT complex exhibits higher electrocatalytic activity and stability for oxygen evolution than commercial precious metal Ir catalysts.