A long-term record of blended satellite and in situ sea surface temperature for climate monitoring, modeling and environmental studies

Abstract

This paper describes a blended sea-surface temperature (SST) dataset that is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Data Record (CDR) Program product suite. Using optimum interpolation (OI), in situ and satellite observations are combined on a daily and 0.25° spatial grid to form an SST analysis, i.e., a spatially complete field. A large-scale bias adjustment of the input infrared SSTs is made using buoy and ship observations as a reference. This is particularly important for the time periods when volcanic aerosols from the El Chichon and Mt. Pinatubo eruptions are widespread globally. The main source of SSTs is the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), available from late 1981 to the present, which is also the temporal span of this CDR. The input and processing choices made to ensure a consistent dataset that meets the CDR requirements is summarized. A brief history and an explanation of the forward production schedule for the preliminary and science-quality final product is also provided. The dataset is produced and archived at the newly formed National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) in Network Common Data Form (netCDF) at <a href=" http://doi.org/doi:10.7289/V5SQ8XB5"target="_blank"> http://doi.org/doi:10.7289/V5SQ8XB5</a> .