12
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      LIF regulates CXCL9 in tumor-associated macrophages and prevents CD8 + T cell tumor-infiltration impairing anti-PD1 therapy

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Cancer response to immunotherapy depends on the infiltration of CD8 + T cells and the presence of tumor-associated macrophages within tumors. Still, little is known about the determinants of these factors. We show that LIF assumes a crucial role in the regulation of CD8 + T cell tumor infiltration, while promoting the presence of protumoral tumor-associated macrophages. We observe that the blockade of LIF in tumors expressing high levels of LIF decreases CD206, CD163 and CCL2 and induces CXCL9 expression in tumor-associated macrophages. The blockade of LIF releases the epigenetic silencing of CXCL9 triggering CD8 + T cell tumor infiltration. The combination of LIF neutralizing antibodies with the inhibition of the PD1 immune checkpoint promotes tumor regression, immunological memory and an increase in overall survival.

          Abstract

          LIF is a pleiotropic cytokine that promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment and has critical functions in embryonic development. Here, the authors show that LIF regulates CD8 + T cell tumor infiltration in cancer by repressing CXCL19 and promoting the presence of protumoral macrophages and thatLIF inhibition, via neutralizing antibodies, promotes T cell infiltration and synergizes with immune checkpoint inhbitors resulting in tumor regression and immunological memory.

          Related collections

          Most cited references18

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found
          Is Open Access

          Pan-cancer Immunogenomic Analyses Reveal Genotype-Immunophenotype Relationships and Predictors of Response to Checkpoint Blockade.

          The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed the genomic landscapes of human cancers. In parallel, immunotherapy is transforming the treatment of advanced cancers. Unfortunately, the majority of patients do not respond to immunotherapy, making the identification of predictive markers and the mechanisms of resistance an area of intense research. To increase our understanding of tumor-immune cell interactions, we characterized the intratumoral immune landscapes and the cancer antigenomes from 20 solid cancers and created The Cancer Immunome Atlas (https://tcia.at/). Cellular characterization of the immune infiltrates showed that tumor genotypes determine immunophenotypes and tumor escape mechanisms. Using machine learning, we identified determinants of tumor immunogenicity and developed a scoring scheme for the quantification termed immunophenoscore. The immunophenoscore was a superior predictor of response to anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies in two independent validation cohorts. Our findings and this resource may help inform cancer immunotherapy and facilitate the development of precision immuno-oncology.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and radioresistance.

            Radioresistance of EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is associated with poor prognosis for patients with this form of cancer. Here, we found that NPC patients had increased serum levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and that higher LIF levels correlated with local tumor recurrence. Furthermore, in vitro studies with NPC cells and in vivo xenograft mouse studies demonstrated that LIF critically contributes to NPC tumor growth and radioresistance. Using these model systems, we found that LIF treatment activated the mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway, enhanced tumor growth, inhibited DNA damage responses, and enhanced radioresistance. Treatment with either soluble LIF receptor (sLIFR), a LIF antagonist, or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reversed LIF-mediated effects, resulting in growth arrest and increased sensitivity to γ irradiation. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of human NPC biopsies revealed that LIF and LIFR were overexpressed in tumor cells and that LIF expression correlated with the presence of the activated p-p70S6K. Finally, we found that the EBV-encoded protein latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) enhances LIF production. Together, our findings indicate that LIF promotes NPC tumorigenesis and suggest that serum LIF levels may predict local recurrence and radiosensitivity in NPC patients.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              LIF mediates proinvasive activation of stromal fibroblasts in cancer.

              Signaling crosstalk between tumor cells and fibroblasts confers proinvasive properties to the tumor microenvironment. Here, we identify leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as a tumor promoter that mediates proinvasive activation of stromal fibroblasts independent of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. We demonstrate that a pulse of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) establishes stable proinvasive fibroblast activation by inducing LIF production in both fibroblasts and tumor cells. In fibroblasts, LIF mediates TGF-β-dependent actomyosin contractility and extracellular matrix remodeling, which results in collective carcinoma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, carcinomas from multiple origins and melanomas display strong LIF upregulation, which correlates with dense collagen fiber organization, cancer cell collective invasion, and poor clinical outcome. Blockade of JAK activity by Ruxolitinib (JAK inhibitor) counteracts fibroblast-dependent carcinoma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo. These findings establish LIF as a proinvasive fibroblast producer independent of α-SMA and may open novel therapeutic perspectives for patients with aggressive primary tumors.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                jseoane@vhio.net
                Journal
                Nat Commun
                Nat Commun
                Nature Communications
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2041-1723
                11 June 2019
                11 June 2019
                2019
                : 10
                : 2416
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0675 8654, GRID grid.411083.f, Vall d Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), , Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, ; 08035 Barcelona, Spain
                [2 ]CIBERONC, 028029 Madrid, Spain
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 0675 8654, GRID grid.411083.f, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), , Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, ; 08035 Barcelona, Spain
                [4 ]GRID grid.7080.f, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, ; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
                [5 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1937 0247, GRID grid.5841.8, Hospital Clinic, , University of Barcelona and Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), ; 08036 Barcelona, Spain
                [6 ]ISNI 0000 0000 8700 1153, GRID grid.7719.8, Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, , Spanish National Cancer Research Center, CNIO, ; 28029 Madrid, Spain
                [7 ]ISNI 0000 0000 9601 989X, GRID grid.425902.8, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), ; 08010 Barcelona, Spain
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-0641
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-673X
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1380-0990
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8308-5630
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-3790
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9949-5901
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0713-5875
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2495-8139
                Article
                10369
                10.1038/s41467-019-10369-9
                6559950
                31186412
                937203cc-0185-4fcd-b0a3-90175c5be153
                © The Author(s) 2019

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 28 March 2019
                : 8 May 2019
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2019

                Uncategorized
                cancer,cancer microenvironment
                Uncategorized
                cancer, cancer microenvironment

                Comments

                Comment on this article