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      Illustrating bias due to conditioning on a collider.

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          Abstract

          That conditioning on a common effect of exposure and outcome may cause selection, or collider-stratification, bias is not intuitive. We provide two hypothetical examples to convey concepts underlying bias due to conditioning on a collider. In the first example, fever is a common effect of influenza and consumption of a tainted egg-salad sandwich. In the second example, case-status is a common effect of a genotype and an environmental factor. In both examples, conditioning on the common effect imparts an association between two otherwise independent variables; we call this selection bias.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Int J Epidemiol
          International journal of epidemiology
          Oxford University Press (OUP)
          1464-3685
          0300-5771
          Apr 2010
          : 39
          : 2
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Epidemiology, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. cole@unc.edu
          Article
          dyp334
          10.1093/ije/dyp334
          2846442
          19926667
          93ed8dd3-04fd-4250-9e84-183cd1f81025
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