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      Experiencia preliminar en una unidad de cuidados intensivos con Impella Recover®: Asistencia ventricular microaxial en pacientes con bajo gasto cardíaco Translated title: Preliminary experience in an intensive care unit with Impella Recover®: A new circulatory support system in patients with low cardiac output

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          Abstract

          El síndrome de bajo gasto cardíaco tras cardiotomía se caracteriza por una mala contractilidad ventricular izquierda que requiere el apoyo de altas dosis de fármacos vasoactivos, el uso de balón de contrapulsación y en ocasiones imposibilita la desconexión de la circulación extracorpórea. Presentamos 5 casos en los que se implantó un dispositivo de «reciente creación» en la asistencia ventricular izquierda: Impella Recover® (Impella CardioSystems AG, Aachen, Alemania), por shock cardiogénico al final de la intervención. De estos pacientes, 4 recuperaron la función cardíaca y la asistencia ventricular se pudo retirar tras un promedio de 70 ± 55 h. En el quinto paciente, el dispositivo no mostró un resultado favorable y se evidenció insuficiencia ventricular derecha, por lo que fue necesario recurrir a una asistencia biventricular tipo Berlin Heart.

          Translated abstract

          The low cardiac output syndrome following cardiopulmonary bypass is characterized by poor left ventricular contractibility that requires the support of high doses of vasoactive drugs, intra-aortic balloon pump, and sometimes makes it impossible to disconnect the extracorporeal circulation. We report 5 cases in which a «recently created» device in left ventricular support was inserted, the Impella Recover® (Impella CardioSystems AG, Aachen, Germany) due to cardiogenic shock at the end of the surgery. Four of these patients recovered their heart function and the ventricular support could be removed after 70 ± 55 h. In a fifth patient, the right ventricular failure warranted the use of Berlin Heart assist device.

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          Most cited references22

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          Implantable left ventricular assist devices.

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            Initial experiences with the Impella device in patients with cardiogenic shock - Impella support for cardiogenic shock.

            We planned a study to assess the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of the Impella micro-axial blood pump in patients with cardiogenic shock. From January 2001 to September 2002 inclusive, 16 patients in cardiogenic shock (maximal inotropic support and with IABP in 11 cases) underwent left ventricle unloading with the Impella pump. 6 were placed via the femoral artery (patients in the coronary care unit) and 10 directly through the aorta (postcardiotomy heart failure). In three patients, the device was used in combination with ECMO. Mean age was 60 years (range 43 - 75), 11 were male. A stable pump flow of 4.24 +/- 0.28 l/min was reached (3.3 +/- 1.9 l/min in patients with ECMO and Impella). Mean blood pressure before Impella) support was 57.4 +/- 13 mmHg, which increased to 74.9 +/- 13 mmHg after 6 hours and 80.6 +/- 17 mmHg (p = 0.003) after 24 hours. Cardiac output increased from 4.1 +/- 1.3 l/min to 5.5 +/- 1.3 (p = 0.003) and 5.9 +/-1.9 l/min (p = 0.01) at 6 and 24 hours. Mean pulmonary wedge pressure decreased from 29 +/- 10 mmHg to 17 +/- 5 mmHg and 18 +/- 7 mmHg at 6 (p = 0.04) and 24 hours. Blood lactate levels decreased significantly after 6 hours of support (from 2.7 +/- 1 to 1.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/l, p = 0.004). Device-related complications included three sensor failures (no clinical action), one pump displacement (replacement) and six incidences of haemolysis (peak free plasma haemoglobin > 100 mg/dl, no clinical action). Eleven patients (68 %) were weaned, six (37 %) survived. Left ventricular unloading with the Impella pump via the transthoracic or femoral approach is feasible and safe. Support led to a decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, increase in cardiac output and mean blood pressure, and improved organ perfusion in patients with severe cardiogenic shock.
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              Ventricular unloading with a miniature axial flow pump in combination with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

              ECMO for acute cardiorespiratory failure is an established therapeutic option. Persistent insufficient unloading of the left ventricle (LV) can compromise recovery of ventricular function. We decided to insert a miniature rotary blood pump (Impella) for decompression of the LV. In contrast to previous experience with this new device, where it was generally used for postcardiotomy heart failure or cardiogenic shock and inserted in the operating room or the catheter laboratory, this is the first report describing the potential of this technology in the intensive care unit, in a patient on ECMO and the value of echocardiography guidance. A 13-year-old boy with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted to the ICU with acute cardio-respiratory failure. On day 2 venoarterial ECMO was instituted because of worsening cardiorespiratory insufficiency refractory to conventional treatment. On day 5 a percutaneous rotary blood pump was inserted to decompress the LV. A percutaneous miniature rotary blood pump can be an alternative to decompress a failing LV in the setting of VA-ECMO. Echocardiography can avoid the use of fluoroscopy and the transport to a catheter laboratory to insert the rotary pump.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                medinte
                Medicina Intensiva
                Med. Intensiva
                Elsevier España, S.L. (, , Spain )
                0210-5691
                May 2009
                : 33
                : 4
                : 207-210
                Affiliations
                [01] El Palmar orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca orgdiv1Servicio de Medicina Intensiva España
                [02] El Palmar orgnameHospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca orgdiv1Servicio de Cirugía Cardiovascular España
                Article
                S0210-56912009000400008
                10.1016/S0210-5691(09)71217-3
                941f6ba6-04ce-47b2-87dc-43df5bb3b56b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

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                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 13, Pages: 4
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                SciELO Spain


                Síndrome de bajo gasto tras cardiotomía,Asistencia ventricular,Impella Recover®,Low cardiac output,Left ventricular assist device

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