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      Versatility of Cyclophilins in Plant Growth and Survival: A Case Study in Arabidopsis

      review-article
      Author(s): , *
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Biomolecules
      Publisher: MDPI
      Keywords: Cyclophilin, PPlases, Arabidopsis, organogenesis, defense responses

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          Abstract

          Cyclophilins (CYPs) belong to a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase family, and were first characterized in mammals as a target of an immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporin A, preventing proinflammatory cytokine production. In Arabidopsis, 29 CYPs and CYP-like proteins are found across all subcellular compartments, involved in various physiological processes including transcriptional regulation, organogenesis, photosynthetic and hormone signaling pathways, stress adaptation and defense responses. These important but diverse activities of CYPs must be reflected by their versatility as cellular and molecular modulators. However, our current knowledge regarding their mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of CYPs in Arabidopsis studies, and information gaps within, which help understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.

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          Drought and Salt Tolerance in Plants

          Ramanjulu Sunkar, Dorothea Bartels (2005)
          Article 0 comments Cited 544 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Identification of prokaryotic and eukaryotic signal peptides and prediction of their cleavage sites

            Claus H. Nielsen, Christien J Engelbrecht, S. Brunak … (1997)
            Article 0 comments Cited 414 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Temporal regulation of shoot development in Arabidopsis thaliana by miR156 and its target SPL3.

              Gang Wu, R. Scott Poethig (2006)
              SPL3, SPL4 and SPL5 (SPL3/4/5) are closely related members of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE family of transcription factors in Arabidopsis, and have a target site for the microRNA miR156 in their 3' UTR. The phenotype of Arabidopsis plants constitutively expressing miR156-sensitive and miR156-insensitive forms of SPL3/4/5 revealed that all three genes promote vegetative phase change and flowering, and are strongly repressed by miR156. Constitutive expression of miR156a prolonged the expression of juvenile vegetative traits and delayed flowering. This phenotype was largely corrected by constitutive expression of a miR156-insensitive form of SPL3. The juvenile-to-adult transition is accompanied by a decrease in the level of miR156 and an increase in the abundance of SPL3 mRNA. The complementary effect of hasty on the miR156 and SPL3 transcripts, as well as the miR156-dependent temporal expression pattern of a 35S::GUS-SPL3 transgene, suggest that the decrease in miR156 is responsible for the increase in SPL3 expression during this transition. SPL3 mRNA is elevated by mutations in ZIPPY/AGO7, RNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE 6 (RDR6) and SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING 3 (SGS3), indicating that it is directly or indirectly regulated by RNAi. However, our results indicate that RNAi does not contribute to the temporal expression pattern of this gene. We conclude that vegetative phase change in Arabidopsis is regulated by an increase in the expression of SPL3 and probably also SPL4 and SPL5, and that this increase is a consequence of a decrease in the level of miR156.
              Article 0 comments Cited 355 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biomolecules
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biomolecules
                Journal ID (publisher-id): biomolecules
                Title: Biomolecules
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2218-273X
                Publication date (Electronic): 10 January 2019
                Publication date Collection: January 2019
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 1
                Electronic Location Identifier: 20
                Affiliations
                Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; IBD0001@ 123456auburn.edu
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: swpark@ 123456auburn.edu ; Tel.: +1-334-844-1958; Fax:+1-334-844-1947
                Article
                Publisher ID: biomolecules-09-00020
                DOI: 10.3390/biom9010020
                PMC ID: 6358970
                PubMed ID: 30634678
                SO-VID: 94dd9eb6-ffbf-4acd-a0bf-d079329ed5ef
                Copyright © © 2019 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 19 November 2018
                Date accepted : 02 January 2019
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: cyclophilin,pplases,arabidopsis,organogenesis,defense responses
                Data availability:
                Keywords: cyclophilin, pplases, arabidopsis, organogenesis, defense responses

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