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      Three-dimensional structure of the basal lamella of the middle turbinate

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          Abstract

          The middle turbinate’s basal lamella (3BL) is a variable landmark which needs to be understood in endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery. It comprises an anterior frontal and a posterior horizontal part and appears in its simplest depiction to be “L”-shaped, when viewed laterally. In this study we analyzed its 3D morphology and variations focusing on a precise and systematic description of the anatomy. CBCTs of 25 adults, 19 cadavers and 6 skulls (total: 100 sides) were investigated with the 3DSlicer software, creating 3D models of the 3BL. We introduced a novel geometrical classification of the 3BL’s shape, based on segments. We analyzed their parameters and relationship to neighboring structures. When viewed laterally, there was no consistent “L”-shaped appearance of the 3BL, as it is frequently quoted. A classification of 9 segment types was used to describe the 3BL. The 3BLs had in average of 2.95 ± 0.70 segments (median: 3), the most frequent was the horizontal plate (23.05% of all segments), next a concave/convex plate (22.71%), then a sigma plate (22.37%). Further types were rare. We identified a horizontal plate in 68% of all lateral views whilst 32% of the 3BLs were vertical. A sigma–concave/convex–horizontal trisegmental 3BL was the most common phenotype (27%). Globally, the sigma–concave/convex pattern was present in 42%. The 3BL adhered the ethmoidal bulla in 87%. The segmenting method is eligible to describe the 3BL’s sophisticated morphology.

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          3D Slicer as an image computing platform for the Quantitative Imaging Network.

          Quantitative analysis has tremendous but mostly unrealized potential in healthcare to support objective and accurate interpretation of the clinical imaging. In 2008, the National Cancer Institute began building the Quantitative Imaging Network (QIN) initiative with the goal of advancing quantitative imaging in the context of personalized therapy and evaluation of treatment response. Computerized analysis is an important component contributing to reproducibility and efficiency of the quantitative imaging techniques. The success of quantitative imaging is contingent on robust analysis methods and software tools to bring these methods from bench to bedside. 3D Slicer is a free open-source software application for medical image computing. As a clinical research tool, 3D Slicer is similar to a radiology workstation that supports versatile visualizations but also provides advanced functionality such as automated segmentation and registration for a variety of application domains. Unlike a typical radiology workstation, 3D Slicer is free and is not tied to specific hardware. As a programming platform, 3D Slicer facilitates translation and evaluation of the new quantitative methods by allowing the biomedical researcher to focus on the implementation of the algorithm and providing abstractions for the common tasks of data communication, visualization and user interface development. Compared to other tools that provide aspects of this functionality, 3D Slicer is fully open source and can be readily extended and redistributed. In addition, 3D Slicer is designed to facilitate the development of new functionality in the form of 3D Slicer extensions. In this paper, we present an overview of 3D Slicer as a platform for prototyping, development and evaluation of image analysis tools for clinical research applications. To illustrate the utility of the platform in the scope of QIN, we discuss several use cases of 3D Slicer by the existing QIN teams, and we elaborate on the future directions that can further facilitate development and validation of imaging biomarkers using 3D Slicer. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Theory and diagnostic evaluation.

            The keys to functional endoscopic sinus surgery are an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of paranasal sinus disease and the ability to diagnose the causes accurately. Previously unrecognized causes of recurrent acute sinusitis and of chronic sinus symptomatology can now be identified by careful diagnostic evaluation. Systematic nasal endoscopy and high-resolution computed tomographic imaging provide complementary diagnostic information that can allow for the recognition of problems not identifiable by other means. The ability to diagnose these problems and to correct them with functional endoscopic surgery heralds new possibilities in the field.
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              Endoscopic cranial base surgery: classification of operative approaches.

              Endoscopic cranial base surgery is a minimal access, maximally aggressive alternative to traditional transfacial, transcranial, or combined open cranial base approaches. Previous descriptions of endoscopic approaches have used varying terminology, which can be confusing to the new practitioner. Indications for surgery are not well defined. Our objective was to create a comprehensive classification system of the various approaches and describe their indications with case examples.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                marton.eordogh@gmail.com
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                9 September 2021
                9 September 2021
                2021
                : 11
                : 17960
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.5603.0, Department of Neurosurgery, , University Medicine Greifswald, ; Sauerbruchstraße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
                [2 ]GRID grid.11804.3c, ISNI 0000 0001 0942 9821, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, , Semmelweis University, ; Budapest, Hungary
                [3 ]GRID grid.411668.c, ISNI 0000 0000 9935 6525, Department of Neurosurgery, , University Hospital Erlangen, ; Erlangen, Germany
                [4 ]Justanatomy Ltd, Kaposvár, Hungary
                [5 ]Endomin – Centre for Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Zurich, Switzerland
                [6 ]Center for Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Zurich, Switzerland
                [7 ]GRID grid.5603.0, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, , University Medicine Greifswald, ; Greifswald, Germany
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6445-0620
                Article
                97331
                10.1038/s41598-021-97331-2
                8429674
                34504200
                95a7fe8e-f794-45fb-84fb-682d0f6f12a3
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 5 February 2021
                : 18 August 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003825, Magyar Tudományos Akadémia;
                Funded by: Universitätsmedizin Greifswald (8976)
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Uncategorized
                3-d reconstruction,anatomy
                Uncategorized
                3-d reconstruction, anatomy

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