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      Biogenesis and homeostasis of chloroplasts and other plastids.

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          Abstract

          Chloroplasts are the organelles that define plants, and they are responsible for photosynthesis as well as numerous other functions. They are the ancestral members of a family of organelles known as plastids. Plastids are remarkably dynamic, existing in strikingly different forms that interconvert in response to developmental or environmental cues. The genetic system of this organelle and its coordination with the nucleocytosolic system, the import and routing of nucleus-encoded proteins, as well as organellar division all contribute to the biogenesis and homeostasis of plastids. They are controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is part of a network of regulatory mechanisms that integrate plastid development into broader programmes of cellular and organismal development.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
          Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          1471-0080
          1471-0072
          Dec 2013
          : 14
          : 12
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK.
          Article
          nrm3702
          10.1038/nrm3702
          24263360
          95e8758e-7f5e-4f73-ae6a-db8e37f10ead
          History

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