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      El centenario del electrocardiógrafo de Einthoven. Parte I Translated title: On the centennial of Einthoven's electrocardiograph

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          Abstract

          Se recuerdan los estudios iniciales acerca de la "irritabilidad" de los tejidos animales por científicos iatrofísicos o iatromecánicos, que llevaron al descubrimiento de la llamada electricidad animal, vislumbrada por Luigi Galvani en el siglo XVIII y demostrada por Carlo Matteucci y sus continuadores en el siglo XIX. A partir de la rana "reoscópica", que permitía valorar la corriente eléctrica en sentido cualitativo, se llegó a principios del siglo XX al electrocardiógrafo de cuerda, presentado por Willem Einthoven en 1901. De ahí arrancó el camino que llevó a la construcción de aparatos siempre más perfeccionados hasta los sistemas actuales de mapeo endocárdico con tecnología magnética o con catéteres multipolares, que permiten identificar rápidamente el sitio de origen o las vías de propagación de una arritmia para su ablación con radiofrecuencia. Ahora se utiliza también la ecocardiografía intracardiaca para definir la anatomía de la aurícula derecha, durante la realización de la cartografía intracardiaca, con el fin de establecer los sitios más adecuados para dicha ablación. Por otra parte, se ha desarrollado un método lógico, i.e. racional, de la exploración eléctrica del corazón, introducido por Frank N. Wilson en Ann Arbor y aplicado con acierto por Sodi Pallares en México, del que son derivados importantes adelantos diagnósticos y notables implicaciones terapéuticas.

          Translated abstract

          The initial studies about the "irritability" of animal tissues by iatrophysic or iatromechanic scientists are reviewed. These studies led to discover the so called animal electricity envisaged by Luigi Galvani in the XVIII century and demonstrated by Carlo Matteucci and his followers in the XIX. Beginning with the Galvani's "reoscopic" frog, which allowed to assess the electrical current in a qualitative sense, it was possible to arrive, at the beginnings of the XX century, to the string electrocardiograph developed by Willem Einthoven in 1901. This opened the way that led to fabrication of ever more sophisticated instruments until the present systems of endocardial mapping by magnetic technology or by multipolar catheters, which permit to quickly identify the site of origin or the spreading ways of a tachycardia for their ablation with radiofrequency. Intracardiac echocardiography is also employed to define the anatomy of right atrium, during intracardiac cartography, in order to establish the most adequate sites for ablation. On the other hand, a logic, i.e. rational, method for the interpretation of results from the electrical exploration of the heart has been developed. This one was introduced by Frank N. Wilson in Ann Arbor and has been fittingly applied by Demetrio Sodi Pallares in Mexico. Important diagnostic advances and notable therapeutic inferences have been derived from these latter developments.

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          RECOMMENDATIONS for standardization of electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic leads.

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            Un nouveau galvanometre

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              Del De viribus electricitatis... de Galvani a la moderna electrovectocardiografía.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                acm
                Archivos de cardiología de México
                Arch. Cardiol. Méx.
                Elsevier
                1405-9940
                June 2001
                : 71
                : 2
                : 160-166
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez México
                Article
                S1405-99402001000200009
                960246d0-577a-40d7-a326-c532acdea55a

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                Categories
                Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

                Cardiovascular Medicine
                Electrocardiógrafo de cuerda,Electrocardiografía clásica,Electrocardiografía de alta fidelidad,String electrocardiograph,Classic electrocardiography,High fidelity electrocardiography

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