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      Juvenile recurrent parotitis in a 4-year-old patient: a case report

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          Abstract

          Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a rare disease. It is most commonly occurring between the ages of 3 and 5 years, that classically resolves at adolescence. It is characterized by recurrent non-suppurative parotitis, with several acute inflammatory episodes per year. The parotid´s swelling tends to be unilateral, but it can occur bilaterally, with a more predominant side. The aim of this work was to present a case report that highlights signs and symptoms of this unusual condition and to stress on the value of ultrasonography as an aid to diagnosis.

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          Recurrent parotitis of childhood.

          Janet C. Rucker, David Isaacs, C M Leerdam (2005)
          Recurrent parotitis (RP) of childhood is a rare condition of unknown aetiology, probably immunologically mediated. To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of RP of childhood. Retrospective study from 1983 to 2004 of children diagnosed with RP of childhood at a tertiary children's hospital. We identified 53 children, 37 (70%) male and 16 (30%) female. The age of onset was biphasic, with peaks at 2-5 years of age and at 10 years. The commonest symptoms were swelling (100%), pain (92.5%) and fever (41.5%). Symptoms usually lasted 2-7 days with a median of 3 days. The mean frequency was 8 episodes per year. The diagnosis was often delayed, >1 year in 70% of patients, maximum 8 years. The most common diagnoses, before the definitive diagnosis of RP, were mumps (21%), 'infection' (15%) and stones (11%). Sialogram (57%) and/or ultrasound (41%) showed sialectasis in 81% of patients. Over half the patients (54%) were given antibiotics at least once to treat the parotitis. Two children had hypogammablobulinaemia, one child had human immunodeficiency virus infection, and one child had Sjogren's syndrome. Two children had high titre antinuclear antibodies. Recurrent parotitis had a biphasic age distribution. The major clinical features that distinguish it from other causes of parotid swelling are the lack of pus and recurrent episodes. A clinical diagnosis can often be confirmed by ultrasound. Antibiotics do not have a role in treatment. Affected children should be screened for Sjogren's syndrome and immune deficiency.
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            Juvenile recurrent parotitis: a new method of diagnosis and treatment.

            Oded Nahlieli, Rachel Shacham, Eli Eliav … (2004)
            Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a nonobstructive, nonsuppurative parotid inflammation in young children. Causative factors, such as local autoimmune manifestation, allergy, infection, and genetic inheritance, have been suggested, but none of them has been proved to date. Until now, treatment of JRP was divided into conservative observation and antibiotic treatment, and no preventive therapy was available. Twenty-six cases symptomatic JRP in children were diagnosed and treated with a combined endoscopic approach. Sialography and sialoendoscopy were performed bilaterally in all children. The treatment modality was composed of lavage, ductal dilation, and hydrocortisone injection. Sialography showed multiple sialectasis in the affected gland and in the contralateral one as well. Dilations and strictures were noticed in the main duct, and kinks could be identified in 31% of the glands. The main endoscopic finding was a white appearance of the ductal layer without the healthy blood vessel coverage. Recurrence of the symptoms occurred in only 2 (8%) children. The endoscopic technique provides the possibility of a correct diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we present a new treatment modality of irrigation and dilation under direct vision by endoscopically guided miniature surgical instruments.
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              Modern management of juvenile recurrent parotitis.

              N Luca, P Sigismund, P Marchisio … (2012)
              To evaluate modern diagnostic and therapeutic management of juvenile recurrent parotitis, and to show the benefits of operative sialoendoscopy on the basis of our experience in 14 patients and the results of others. Ultrasonography is sensitive in detecting the pathological features of juvenile recurrent parotitis. Interventional sialoendoscopy is a safe and effective method of treating the disease. In our case series, after a mean follow-up time of 30 months only 5 patients experienced recurrence of symptoms, with a mean symptom-free period of 20 months. The use of modern, minimally invasive diagnostic tools such as colour Doppler ultrasonography, magnetic resonance sialography and sialoendoscopy represents a new frontier in the management of juvenile recurrent parotitis. Operative sialoendoscopy also has the important therapeutic benefit of reducing the number of recurrences of acute episodes of parotitis, thus giving patients a better quality of life until puberty.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Pan Afr Med J
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Pan Afr Med J
                Journal ID (publisher-id): PAMJ
                Title: The Pan African Medical Journal
                Publisher: The African Field Epidemiology Network
                ISSN (Electronic): 1937-8688
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 October 2021
                Publication date Collection: 2021
                Volume: 40
                Electronic Location Identifier: 86
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, University Dental Clinic of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia,
                [2 ]Department of Dental Medicine, Fattouma Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Nouha Dammak, Department of Medicine and Oral Surgery, University Dental Clinic of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia. dammaknouha11@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: PAMJ-40-86
                DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.86.27001
                PMC ID: 8607950
                PubMed ID: 34909075
                SO-VID: 964c2efe-aabf-406c-9929-1fbaa1be6ac6
                Copyright © Copyright: Nouha Dammak et al.
                License:

                The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 15 November 2020
                Date accepted : 01 September 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Case Report

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: juvenile recurrent parotitis,ultrasonography,symptoms,treatment,case report
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Keywords: juvenile recurrent parotitis, ultrasonography, symptoms, treatment, case report

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