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      Protective effect of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp., on acute and chronic inflammation in rats

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          Abstract

          Aim:

          To evaluate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extracts and its aqueous, n-butanol, ethyl-acetate, and chloroform fractions of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp. leaves.

          Materials and Methods:

          In this present study, all the test samples were evaluated on in-vivo inflammatory model such as carrageenan and histamine-induced acute-inflammation and cotton pellet induced granuloma formation in albino male rats. Test samples were also employed in in-vitro assays like DPPH* free radical scavenging activity and COX inhibition assay.

          Results:

          The test samples at the dose of 200mg/kg/p.o. were found to cause significant inhibition of carrageenan and histamine-induced inflammation and cotton pallet-induced granuloma formation on acute and chronic inflammation in rats. The test samples, except n-butanol fraction, exhibited inhibitory effect for both COX-1 and COX-2, in in-vitro assay but their percentage of inhibition values differs from each other. The test samples (aqueous extracts, aqueous, n-butanol, ethyl-acetate, and chloroform fractions) at 100 μg concentration exhibits 54.37%, 33.88%, 62.85%, 56.28%, and 57.48% DPPH* radical-scavenging effect respectively in in-vitro antioxidant study.

          Conclusion:

          These observations established the anti-inflammatory effect of C. colebrookianum leaves in acute and chronic stages of inflammation by free radical scavenging and inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2.

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          Most cited references25

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          Determination of antioxidant activity of lichen Cetraria islandica (L) Ach.

          Ilhami Gulcin, Münir Oktay, Ö.İrfan Küfrevioğlu … (2002)
          The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of C. islandica. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities were studied. The antioxidant activity increased with the increasing amount of extracts (from 50 to 500 microg) added to linoleic acid emulsion. About 50, 100, 250, and 500 microg of aqueous extract of C. islandica showed higher antioxidant activity than 500 microg of alpha-tocopherol. The samples showed 96, 99, 100, and 100% inhibition on peroxidation of linoleic acid, respectively. On the other hand, the 500 microg of alpha-tocopherol showed 77% inhibition on peroxidation on linoleic acid emulsion. Like antioxidant activity, the reducing power, superoxide anion radical scavenging and free radical scavenging activities of C. islandica depends on concentration and increasing with increased amount of sample. The results obtained in the present study indicate that C. islandica is a potential source of natural antioxidant.
          Article 0 comments Cited 76 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Lactobacillus on Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema in Male Wistar Rats

            Sarika Amdekar, Purabi Roy, Vinod Singh … (2012)
            Introduction. Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus were used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties in carrageenan induced acute inflammatory model. Materials and Methods. Diclofenac sodium was used as standard drug at concentration of 150 mg/kg of body weight. Culture of Lactobacillus  2 × 107 CFU/ml was given orally. Edema was induced with 1% carrageenan to all the groups after one hour of the oral treatments. Paw thickness was checked at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 24 hours. Stair climbing score and motility score were assessed at t = 24 hours. Cytokines assay for IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α was performed on serum samples. Results. Lactobacillus showed a statistically significant decrease in paw thickness at P < 0.001. L. acidophilus and L. casei decreased by 32% and 28% in paw thickness. They both significantly increased the stair climbing and motility score. Lactobacillus treatment significantly downregulated IL-6 and TNF-α while upregulated IL-10 at P < 0.0001. Conclusion. L. casei and L. acidophilus significantly decreased the inflammatory reactions induced by carrageenan. This study has also proposed that Lactobacillus ameliorated the inflammatory reaction by downregulating the proinflammatory cytokines pathway.
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              Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves.

              Avijeet Jain, Manish Soni, Lokesh Deb … (2008)
              In present study, the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves were evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic damage in rats. The extracts at dose of 200mg/kg were administered orally once daily. The substantially elevated serum enzymatic levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (AST), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and total bilirubin were restored towards normalization significantly by the extracts. Silymarin was used as standard reference and exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced haptotoxicity in rats. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. The results of this study strongly indicate that Momordica dioica Roxb. leaves have potent hepatoprotective action against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage in rats. Ethanolic extract was found more potent hepatoprotective. Meanwhile, in vivo antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities were also screened which were positive for both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. This study suggests that possible mechanism of this activity may be due to free radical-scavenging and antioxidant activities which may be due to the presence of flavonoids in the extracts.
              Article 0 comments Cited 36 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Indian J Pharmacol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Indian J Pharmacol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPharm
                Title: Indian Journal of Pharmacology
                Publisher: Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd (India )
                ISSN (Print): 0253-7613
                ISSN (Electronic): 1998-3751
                Publication date (Print): Jul-Aug 2013
                Volume: 45
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 376-380
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Pharmacology Laboratory, Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
                [2 ]Department of Pharmacology, Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur, Orissa, India
                [3 ]Department of Nanotechnology, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Noorul Islam University, Kumaracoil, Thuckalay, Tamilnadu, India
                [4 ]Department of Pharmacology, R. K. Pharmacy College, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
                Author notes
                Correspondence to: Lokesh Deb E-mail: lokeshdeb.ibsd@ 123456nic.in
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJPharm-45-376
                DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.115021
                PMC ID: 3757607
                PubMed ID: 24014914
                SO-VID: 969e4992-f86a-4776-af03-f9c08d294366
                Copyright © Copyright: © Indian Journal of Pharmacology
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 07 August 2012
                Date revision received : 14 December 2012
                Date accepted : 23 April 2013
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: antioxidant,carrageenan,clerodendrum colebrookianum,cox-1 and cox-2,histamine,inflammation
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical medicine
                Keywords: antioxidant, carrageenan, clerodendrum colebrookianum, cox-1 and cox-2, histamine, inflammation

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