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      Visual System Assessment in Infants, Children, and Young Adults by Pediatricians

      Pediatrics
      American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

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          Abstract

          Appropriate visual assessments help identify children who may benefit from early interventions to correct or improve vision. Examination of the eyes and visual system should begin in the nursery and continue throughout both childhood and adolescence during routine well-child visits in the medical home. Newborn infants should be examined using inspection and red reflex testing to detect structural ocular abnormalities, such as cataract, corneal opacity, and ptosis. Instrument-based screening, if available, should be first attempted between 12 months and 3 years of age and at annual well-child visits until acuity can be tested directly. Direct testing of visual acuity can often begin by 4 years of age, using age-appropriate symbols (optotypes). Children found to have an ocular abnormality or who fail a vision assessment should be referred to a pediatric ophthalmologist or an eye care specialist appropriately trained to treat pediatric patients.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Pediatrics
          Pediatrics
          American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
          0031-4005
          1098-4275
          May 12 2016
          January 07 2016
          : 137
          : 1
          : e20153596
          Article
          10.1542/peds.2015-3596
          29756730
          96a33fbc-7baf-4e94-b342-ebd2b24e8992
          © 2016
          History

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