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      Biotic and abiotic factors causing the collapse of Robinia pseudoacacia L. veteran trees in urban environments

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          Abstract

          Robinia pseudoacacia L. is an interesting example of how one plant species can be considered invasive or useful depending on its environment. In the past this tree species was planted for decorative purposes and for wood in Poland. For many years it was recommended in poor and degraded habitats because it facilitated late-successional plant species. The aim of this study was to verify if black locust can still be regarded as a resistant tree species in urban greenery. The health condition of old tree specimens growing along streets and in parks was compared. The occurrence of pests and pathogens on R. pseudoacacia trees was assessed and the content of mineral elements in leaves was examined. The research results showed that the health of black locust trees growing in the urban environment in Polish cities, especially along streets (in comparison to park sites), deteriorated significantly due to the interaction of harmful biotic and abiotic factors. Increased level of toxic metals (Fe, Zn, Pb, Mn and Cd) in plant tissues and the accumulation of pests and pathogens negatively influenced the health of R. pseudoacacia.

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          Ecosystem services in urban areas

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            Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States

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              Is invasion success explained by the enemy release hypothesis?

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Formal analysisRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Investigation
                Role: Formal analysis
                Role: Investigation
                Role: Investigation
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS One
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                20 January 2021
                2021
                : 16
                : 1
                : e0245398
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Department of Landscape Architecture, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
                [2 ] Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
                [3 ] Department of Phytopathology, Seed Science and Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
                [4 ] Department of Plant Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
                [5 ] Institute of Landscape Architecture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
                [6 ] Department of Experimental Biology and Chemistry, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
                [7 ] Faculty of Architecture, Institute of Landscape Architecture, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
                USDA Forest Service, UNITED STATES
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9503-8340
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4485-7925
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-6216
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-766X
                Article
                PONE-D-20-21918
                10.1371/journal.pone.0245398
                7816994
                33471798
                96b327d5-07f8-44d7-9fbf-bd644d233958
                © 2021 Wilkaniec et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 15 July 2020
                : 29 December 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 5, Pages: 20
                Funding
                Funded by: funder-id http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004569, Ministerstwo Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego;
                Award ID: 005/RID/2018/19
                This study was funded in part by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education’s program: “Regional Initiative Excellence” in the years 2019–2022 in the form of a grant (No. 005/RID/2018/19) awarded to AW, BBS, LI, WB, and DS. No additional external funding was received for this study.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Plant Science
                Plant Anatomy
                Leaves
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Plants
                Trees
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Agriculture
                Pests
                Insect Pests
                Locusts
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Entomology
                Insects
                Locusts
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Locusts
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Locusts
                Ecology and Environmental Sciences
                Species Colonization
                Invasive Species
                Engineering and Technology
                Civil Engineering
                Transportation Infrastructure
                Roads
                Engineering and Technology
                Transportation
                Transportation Infrastructure
                Roads
                Earth Sciences
                Geography
                Human Geography
                Urban Geography
                Cities
                Social Sciences
                Human Geography
                Urban Geography
                Cities
                People and places
                Geographical locations
                Europe
                European Union
                Poland
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Entomology
                Insects
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Organisms
                Eukaryota
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animals
                Invertebrates
                Arthropoda
                Insects
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                All relevant data are within the paper.

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