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      Effects of a standardized curriculum on physical activity and body composition in after-school program participants with BMI scores above the 90th percentile: assessing theory-based predictors Translated title: Efectos de un programa estandarizado extraescolar en la actividad física y la composición corporal de los participantes que superan el percentil 90 del índice de masa corporal: evaluación de los predictores teóricos

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT Childhood overweight and obesity is a continued problem. Children above the 90th percentile for BMI are particularly susceptible to cardiovascular health risks. There remains a minimal understanding of theory-based psychological predictors of physical activity and weight change in children. This research incorporated data from a subsample of after-school care enrollees above the 90th BMI percentile (Mage=10.1 years) who participated in either 4-day/week (n = 21) or 3-day/week (n = 24) versions of a 45 min/session, cognitive-behaviorally based physical activity/health behavior-change program over a full school year, or a control condition of usual care (n = 14). For the cognitive-behavioral groups only, significant improvements were found in self-regulation, mood, and physical activity. Their BMI increases of 0.12 and 0.11 kg/m2, respectively, were significantly less than the 0.90 kg/m2 rise expected through maturation. Theory-based regression models uniformly confirmed significant associations of changes in self-regulation and physical activity (R2s = .22–.25). However, within separate analyses, entry of changes in (a) self-efficacy and mood into a multiple regression equation, (b) self-efficacy as a mediator, and (c) mood as a moderator, did not increase predictive accuracies. The significant association of changes in physical activity and BMI was stronger in the heavier children. Findings will be useful for large-scale intervention applications and refinements.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN El sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil suponen un problema continuo. Los niños que superan el percentil 90 de índice de masa corporal (IMC) son especialmente propensos a riesgos en la salud cardiovascular. Apenas se conocen los predictores teóricos de la actividad física y del cambio de peso en los niños. Esta investigación incorpora datos de una submuestra de niños inscritos en atención extraescolar que superan el percentil 90 en IMC (media de edad de 10.1 años), que participaron en dos modalidades de un programa cognitivo-conductual de cambio en comportamiento de la actividad física y la salud de una duración de un año escolar con sesiones de 45 minutos 4 días por semana (n = 21) o 3 días por semana (n = 24). Además, se incluía un grupo control de cuidados habituales (n = 14). Únicamente se hallaron avances significativos en los grupos cognitivo-conductuales en autorregulación, estado de ánimo y actividad física. El aumento de su IMC de 0.12 y 0.11 kg/m2 respectivamente era menor (de modo significativo) que el aumento de 0.90 kg/m2 que se espera en virtud de la maduración. Los modelos de regresión confirmaron de forma consistente una asociación significativa de los cambios en autorregulación y actividad física (R2 = .22-.25). No obstante, en análisis separados, la introducción de cambios en a) autoeficacia y estado de ánimo en la ecuación de regresión múltiple, b) autoeficacia como mediador y c) el estado de ánimo como moderador no aumentaron la precisión predictiva. La asociación significativa de los cambios en la actividad física y el IMC era más estrecha en los niños con más peso. Los resultados serán de utilidad en las aplicaciones y el perfeccionamiento de la intervención a gran escala.

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                inter
                Psychosocial Intervention
                Psychosocial Intervention
                Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                1132-0559
                2173-4712
                2019
                : 28
                : 2
                : 83-90
                Affiliations
                [02] Atlanta Georgia orgnameYMCA of Metro Atlanta USA
                [01] Kennesaw Georgia orgnameKennesaw State University United States
                Article
                S1132-05592019000200004
                10.5093/pi2019a2
                96d64476-3b39-4d86-8199-15e5f34249ef

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 06 November 2019
                : 25 September 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Articles

                Children,Overweight,Obesity,Physical activity,Treatment,Niños,Sobrepeso,Obesidad,Actividad física,Tratamiento

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