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      Stress and the Adolescent Brain: Amygdala-Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and Ventral Striatum as Developmental Targets

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          Abstract

          Adolescence is a time in development when significant changes occur in affective neurobiology. These changes provide a prolonged period of plasticity to prepare the individual for independence. However, they also render the system highly vulnerable to the effects of environmental stress exposures. Here, we review the human literature on the associations between stress-exposure and developmental changes in amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and ventral striatal dopaminergic systems during the adolescent period. Despite the vast differences in types of adverse exposures presented in his review, these neurobiological systems appear consistently vulnerable to stress experienced during development, providing putative mechanisms to explain why affective processes that emerge during adolescence are particularly sensitive to environmental influences.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          7806090
          6166
          Neurosci Biobehav Rev
          Neurosci Biobehav Rev
          Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
          0149-7634
          1873-7528
          6 August 2016
          26 July 2016
          November 2016
          01 November 2017
          : 70
          : 217-227
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Columbia University, Department of Psychology, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue MC 5501, New York, NY 10027, nlt7@ 123456columbia.edu
          [2 ]University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology; 1285 Franz Hall BOX 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, agalvan@ 123456ucla.edu
          Article
          PMC5074883 PMC5074883 5074883 nihpa808638
          10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.07.030
          5074883
          27473936
          970094e1-1aa8-4c86-91a1-62ddde8e9465
          History
          Categories
          Article

          Stress,Amygdala,Prefrontal Cortex,Ventral Striatum,Human,Adolescence

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