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      Supervivencia del injerto y pacientes postrasplante renal de un hospital de Yucatán, México Translated title: Graft and patient survival after kidney transplantation in a hospital in Yucatan, Mexico

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: El trasplante de órganos es considerado como uno de los mayores avances de la medicina, no solo por recuperar la salud, sino por mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con enfermedades crónicas o terminales. Objetivo: Identificar la supervivencia del injerto y pacientes sometidos a trasplante renal, así como los factores asociados en un Hospital de Alta Especialidad de Mérida, Yucatán, México. Material y Método: Estudio epidemiológico, observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo donde se analizó el 100% de los expedientes disponibles de pacientes con trasplante renal, cuyo procedimiento se realizó a partir de enero de 2010 a diciembre de 2018. Resultados: La supervivencia global de los pacientes, fue de 96,7% a 1 año (IC:95%: 0,92-0,99) y 90,7% a 5 años (IC:95%: 0,75-0,97). La administración de terapia inmunosupresora previa al trasplante es un factor independiente de protección frente al desenlace de mortalidad o fallo del injerto (p=0,02). La supervivencia del injerto fue de 79,2% a 1 año (IC:95%: 0,71-0,85), y 41,37% a 5 años (IC:95%: 0,27-0,54). La dislipidemia (p=0,01), la diabetes tipo 2 (p=0,09), la isquemia fría (p=0,01), la isquemia caliente (p=0,02), la edad (p=0,03), y el Índice de Masa Corporal (p=0,01) fueron determinantes de la supervivencia del injerto. Conclusiones: La supervivencia del paciente y del injerto son distintas. La administración de inmunosupresor previo al trasplante afecta la supervivencia del paciente; mientras que factores de riesgo cardiovascular y los tiempos de isquemia estuvieron ligados a la supervivencia del injerto.

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          ABSTRACT Introduction: Organ transplantation is considered one of the greatest advances in medicine, not only for restoring health, but also for improving the quality of life of people with chronic or terminal diseases. Objective: To identify graft and renal transplant patient survival and associated factors in a high specialty hospital in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Material and Method: Epidemiological, observational, longitudinal and retrospective study analysing all available records of renal transplant patients whose procedure was performed from January 2010 to December 2018. Results: Overall patient survival was 96.7% at 1 year (95% CI:0.92-0.99) and 90.7% at 5 years (95% CI:0.75-0.97). The administration of immunosuppressive therapy prior to transplantation is an independent factor for protection against the outcome of mortality or graft failure (p=0.02). Graft survival was 79.2% at 1 year (95% CI:0.71-0.85), and 41.37% at 5 years (95% CI:0.27-0.54). Dyslipidaemia (p=0.01), type 2 diabetes (p=0.09), cold ischaemia (p=0.01), warm ischaemia (p=0.02), age (p=0.03), and body mass index (p=0.01) were determinants of graft survival. Conclusions: Patient and graft survival are distinct. Pre-transplant immunosuppressant administration affects patient survival, while cardiovascular risk factors and ischaemia times were linked to graft survival.

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          Infectious Disease Transmission in Solid Organ Transplantation: Donor Evaluation, Recipient Risk, and Outcomes of Transmission

          Abstract In 2016, the Transplantation Society of Australia and New Zealand, with the support of the Australian Government Organ and Tissue authority, commissioned a literature review on the topic of infectious disease transmission from deceased donors to recipients of solid organ transplants. The purpose of this review was to synthesize evidence on transmission risks, diagnostic test characteristics, and recipient management to inform best-practice clinical guidelines. The final review, presented as a special supplement in Transplantation Direct, collates case reports of transmission events and other peer-reviewed literature, and summarizes current (as of June 2017) international guidelines on donor screening and recipient management. Of particular interest at the time of writing was how to maximize utilization of donors at increased risk for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus, given the recent developments, including the availability of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus and improvements in donor screening technologies. The review also covers emerging risks associated with recent epidemics (eg, Zika virus) and the risk of transmission of nonendemic pathogens related to donor travel history or country of origin. Lastly, the implications for recipient consent of expanded utilization of donors at increased risk of blood-borne viral disease transmission are considered.
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            A Kidney Graft Survival Calculator that Accounts for Mismatches in Age, Sex, HLA, and Body Size

            Background and objectives Outcomes for transplants from living unrelated donors are of particular interest in kidney paired donation (KPD) programs where exchanges can be arranged between incompatible donor-recipient pairs or chains created from nondirected/altruistic donors. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data, we analyzed 232,705 recipients of kidney-alone transplants from 1998 to 2012. Graft failure rates were estimated using Cox models for recipients of kidney transplants from living unrelated, living related, and deceased donors. Models were adjusted for year of transplant and donor and recipient characteristics, with particular attention to mismatches in age, sex, human leukocyte antigens (HLA), body size, and weight. Results The dependence of graft failure on increasing donor age was less pronounced for living-donor than for deceased-donor transplants. Male donor–to–male recipient transplants had lower graft failure, particularly better than female to male (5%–13% lower risk). HLA mismatch was important in all donor types. Obesity of both the recipient (8%–18% higher risk) and donor (5%–11% higher risk) was associated with higher graft loss, as were donor-recipient weight ratios of <75%, compared with transplants where both parties were of similar weight (9%–12% higher risk). These models are used to create a calculator of estimated graft survival for living donors. Conclusions This calculator provides useful information to donors, candidates, and physicians of estimated outcomes and potentially in allowing candidates to choose among several living donors. It may also help inform candidates with compatible donors on the advisability of joining a KPD program.
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              An adjustable predictive score of graft survival in kidney transplant patients and the levels of risk linked to de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies

              Most predictive models and scores of graft survival in renal transplantation include factors known before transplant or at the end of the first year. They cannot be updated thereafter, even in patients developing donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies and acute rejection.We developed a conditional and adjustable score for prediction of graft failure (AdGFS) up to 10 years post-transplantation in 664 kidney transplant patients. AdGFS was externally validated and calibrated in 896 kidney transplant patients.The final model included five baseline factors (pretransplant non donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies, donor age, serum creatinine measured at 1 year, longitudinal serum creatinine clusters during the first year, proteinuria measured at 1 year), and two predictors updated over time (de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies and first acute rejection). AdGFS was able to stratify patients into four risk-groups, at different post-transplantation times. It showed good discrimination (time-dependent ROC curve at ten years: 0.83 (CI95% 0.76–0.89).
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                enefro
                Enfermería Nefrológica
                Enferm Nefrol
                Sociedad Española de Enfermería Nefrológica (Madrid, Madrid, Spain )
                2254-2884
                2255-3517
                June 2022
                : 25
                : 2
                : 162-167
                Affiliations
                [1] Mérida Yucatán orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Yucatán orgdiv1Facultad de Enfermería Mexico
                [2] Yucatán orgnameIMSS Mérida orgdiv1Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad México
                Article
                S2254-28842022000200162 S2254-2884(22)02500200162
                10.37551/52254-28842022018
                9739ef79-3aff-4bc5-a8e3-722b456c1b02

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 January 2022
                : 27 May 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Spain

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                survival,kidney transplantation,graft survival,trasplante de riñón,supervivencia de injerto,supervivencia

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