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      Vegetable Temporalities: Life cycles, maturation and death in an Amerindian ethnography Translated title: Temporalidades Vegetais: Ciclo de vida, maturação e morte em uma etnografia ameríndia

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          Abstract

          Abstract This article considers how relations with certain plants produce multiple temporalities for the Wajãpi, an Amerindian people from the Brazilian Amazon. Inspired by a non-anthropocentric anthropology or an “anthropology beyond the human,” the article is an ethnographic exploration about how the Wajãpi perceive the concrete and sensible features of certain vegetable species, and thus how they see them as subjects, in a process that produces different space-times. I also show how certain concepts are central to this same process, specifically, that of life cycle and maturation (including death), which lead to notions of co-temporality and difference between groups and individuals.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo Esse artigo se volta ao modo como espécies vegetais produzem multiplas temporalidades entre os Wajãpi, um povo ameríndio que habita a amazônia brasileira. Inpirado por uma análise antropológica não-antropocêntrica ou por “uma antropologia para além do humano”, o artigo é uma exploração etnográfica sobre como os Wajãpi percebem as dimensões concretas e sesíveis de certas plantas, e como eles as compreendem como sujeitos, em um processo que produz diferentes tempo-espaços. Também demonstra como certos conceitos são centrais nesse processo, tais como as ideias de ciclo de vida, maturação e morte, o que conduz a noções como as de co-temporalidade e a diferença entre grupos e indivíduos.

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          Underground signals carried through common mycelial networks warn neighbouring plants of aphid attack.

          The roots of most land plants are colonised by mycorrhizal fungi that provide mineral nutrients in exchange for carbon. Here, we show that mycorrhizal mycelia can also act as a conduit for signalling between plants, acting as an early warning system for herbivore attack. Insect herbivory causes systemic changes in the production of plant volatiles, particularly methyl salicylate, making bean plants, Vicia faba, repellent to aphids but attractive to aphid enemies such as parasitoids. We demonstrate that these effects can also occur in aphid-free plants but only when they are connected to aphid-infested plants via a common mycorrhizal mycelial network. This underground messaging system allows neighbouring plants to invoke herbivore defences before attack. Our findings demonstrate that common mycorrhizal mycelial networks can determine the outcome of multitrophic interactions by communicating information on herbivore attack between plants, thereby influencing the behaviour of both herbivores and their natural enemies. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd/CNRS.
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            O dois e seu múltiplo: reflexões sobre o perspectivismo em uma cosmologia tupi

            A partir da caça de porco do mato, este artigo é um ensaio etnográfico sobre uma noção indígena de ponto de vista, aplicada ao campo das relações entre o humano e o animal, na cosmologia de um povo Tupi, os Juruna. Além de revelar a complexidade particular dessas relações, a noção de ponto de vista permite mostrar como a noção de duplo é irredutível à noção de alma, como "natureza" e "sobrenatureza" são efeitos de perspectivas, e como, finalmente, a caça se insere em uma estrutura espaço-temporal bilinear múltipla, evocadora dos "labirintos" que os Juruna desenham na pele. This article takes the wild boar hunt as the basis for an ethnographic essay on an indigenous notion of point of view, applied to the field of relations between humans and animals in the cosmology of a Tupi people, the Juruna. In addition to revealing the particular complexity of these relations, the concept of point of view shows how the notion of double is irreducible to that of soul, like "nature"and "supernature"are effects of perspectives, and finally how the hunt is included in a multiple bilinear spatial/temporal structure, evoking the "labyrinths" that the Juruna paint on their skin.
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              Unruly Edges: Mushrooms as Companion Species

              Anna Tsing (2012)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                vb
                Vibrant: Virtual Brazilian Anthropology
                Vibrant, Virtual Braz. Anthr.
                Associação Brasileira de Antropologia (ABA) (Brasília, DF, Brazil )
                1809-4341
                2020
                : 17
                : e17359
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidade Estadual de Campinas orgdiv1Departamento de Antropologia Brazil
                Article
                S1809-43412020000100359 S1809-4341(20)01700000359
                10.1590/1809-43412020v17a359
                976be12d-ba7a-4ad6-9794-55f51f6e6343

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 12 November 2019
                : 29 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 65, Pages: 0
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                SciELO Brazil

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                plants,amazonian ethnology,temporality,maturation,plantas,etnologia amazônica,temporalidade,maturação

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