Adipokines regulate mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into various tissue cell types including bone, adipose, cartilage, and muscle. Among those, osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has been widely explored in many bone tissue engineering studies. Moreover, the conditions and methods of inducing osteogenic differentiation of MSCs are continuously advancing. Recently, with the gradual recognition of adipokines, the research on their involvement in different pathophysiological processes of the body is also deepening including lipid metabolism, inflammation, immune regulation, energy disorders, and bone homeostasis. At the same time, the role of adipokines in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has been gradually described more completely. Therefore, this paper reviewed the evidence of the role of adipokines in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, emphasizing bone formation and bone regeneration.

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Most cited references 132

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Is Open Access

Fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells: adipocytes or osteoblasts?

George Chen, P Shou, C. Zheng … (2016)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a non-hematopoietic stem cell population first discovered in bone marrow, are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into mature cells of several mesenchymal tissues, such as fat and bone. As common progenitor cells of adipocytes and osteoblasts, MSCs are delicately balanced for their differentiation commitment. Numerous in vitro investigations have demonstrated that fat-induction factors inhibit osteogenesis, and, conversely, bone-induction factors hinder adipogenesis. In fact, a variety of external cues contribute to the delicate balance of adipo-osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, including chemical, physical, and biological factors. These factors trigger different signaling pathways and activate various transcription factors that guide MSCs to commit to either lineage. The dysregulation of the adipo-osteogenic balance has been linked to several pathophysiologic processes, such as aging, obesity, osteopenia, osteopetrosis, and osteoporosis. Thus, the regulation of MSC differentiation has increasingly attracted great attention in recent years. Here, we review external factors and their signaling processes dictating the reciprocal regulation between adipocytes and osteoblasts during MSC differentiation and the ultimate control of the adipo-osteogenic balance.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Zhong-Hua Xu

Chen-Wei Xiong

Kai-Song Miao

Zhen-Tang Yu

Jun-Jie Zhang

Chang-Lin Yu

Yong Huang

Xin-Die Zhou

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): World J Stem Cells

Journal ID (publisher-id): WJSC

Title: World Journal of Stem Cells

Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc

ISSN (Electronic): 1948-0210

Publication date (Print): 26 June 2023

Publication date (Electronic): 26 June 2023

Volume: 15

Issue: 6

Pages: 502-513

Affiliations

Department of Orthopedics, Jintan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213200, Jiangsu Province, China

Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changzhou Second People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu Province, China