18
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Epidemiology of hip fractures : Systematic literature review of German data and an overview of the international literature Translated title: Epidemiologie von Hüftfrakturen : Systematisches Literaturreview deutscher Daten und ein Überblick über die internationale Literatur

      review-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Hip fractures are regarded as a worldwide epidemic and a major public health concern. Changing risk factors, local differences and temporal trends contribute to the particular epidemiology of hip fractures. This overview gives a comprehensive insight into the epidemiology of hip fractures and reviews where German data have contributed to the literature.

          Methods

          The review of the epidemiology of hip fractures in Germany is based on a systematic literature search in PubMed. Information about the global epidemiology of hip fractures was provided by a selective literature review focusing on specific aspects of the epidemiology of hip fractures.

          Results

          Hip fracture rates vary more than 100-fold between different countries. In most high-income countries, a rise in age-standardized hip fracture rates was observed until the 1980s and 1990s and a decrease thereafter. Such a decrease has not been observed for Germany so far. Many factors, diseases and drugs have been found to be associated with hip fractures and there is some evidence that fracture risk in later life is already programmed during fetal life and early childhood. Of the hip fracture burden 50% occur in people with disability and in need of care. In nursing homes approximately 4 fractures can be expected in 100 women per year. In people with intellectual or developmental disabilities comparable risks of hip fracture occur 10–40 years earlier than in the general population. Incidence of disability, institutionalization and death are frequent consequences of hip fractures.

          Conclusion

          The epidemiology of hip fractures is characterized by a high burden of disease, local differences, temporal trends, well-defined high-risk populations and many established risk factors.

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (10.1007/s00391-018-1382-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

          Zusammenfassung

          Hintergrund

          Hüftfrakturen werden weltweit als eines der großen Gesundheitsprobleme angesehen. Diese Übersicht vermittelt einen umfassenden Einblick in die Hüftfrakturepidemiologie und zeigt, wo deutsche Daten neue Erkenntnisse hinzugefügt haben.

          Methode

          Das Review zur deutschen Hüftfrakturepidemiologie basiert auf einer systematischen Literatursuche in PubMed. Informationen zu spezifischen Teilaspekten der globalen Hüftfrakturepidemiologie beruhen auf einer selektiven Literatursuche.

          Ergebnisse

          Hüftfrakturraten unterscheiden sich um mehr als das 100-fache zwischen verschiedenen Ländern. In den meisten westlichen Industriestaaten wurde ein Anstieg der altersstandardisierten Raten bis in die 80er- und 90er-Jahre und ein Rückgang in den Folgejahren beobachtet. In Deutschland wurde bisher kein Rückgang der Hüftfrakturrate beobachtet. Hüftfrakturen treten in 50 % der Fälle bei Personen mit Pflegebedürftigkeit auf. In Pflegeheimen muss jährlich mit 4 Hüftfrakturen pro 100 Bewohnern gerechnet werden. Bei Personen mit geistiger Behinderung treten Hüftfrakturen 10 bis 40 Jahre früher auf als in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Pflegebedürftigkeit, Institutionalisierung und Tod sind häufige Folgen von Hüftfrakturen.

          Schlussfolgerung

          Die Hüftfrakturepidemiologie ist durch eine hohe Krankheitslast, geographische Unterschiede, zeitliche Veränderungen, Hochrisikopopulationen und eine Reihe etablierter Risikofaktoren charakterisiert.

          Related collections

          Most cited references49

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Fetal origins of coronary heart disease.

          The fetal origins hypothesis states that fetal undernutrition in middle to late gestation, which leads to disproportionate fetal growth, programmes later coronary heart disease. Animal studies have shown that undernutrition before birth programmes persisting changes in a range of metabolic, physiological, and structural parameters. Studies in humans have shown that men and women whose birth weights were at the lower end of the normal range, who were thin or short at birth, or who were small in relation to placental size have increased rates of coronary heart disease. We are beginning to understand something of the mechanisms underlying these associations. The programming of blood pressure, insulin responses to glucose, cholesterol metabolism, blood coagulation, and hormonal settings are all areas of active research.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Patients with prior fractures have an increased risk of future fractures: a summary of the literature and statistical synthesis.

            Numerous studies have reported increased risks of hip, spine, and other fractures among people who had previous clinically diagnosed fractures, or who have radiographic evidence of vertebral fractures. However, there is some variability in the magnitudes of associations among studies. We summarized the literature and performed a statistical synthesis of the risk of future fracture, given a history of prior fracture. The strongest associations were observed between prior and subsequent vertebral fractures; women with preexisting vertebral fractures (identified at baseline by vertebral morphometry) had approximately 4 times greater risk of subsequent vertebral fractures than those without prior fractures. This risk increases with the number of prior vertebral fractures. Most studies reported relative risks of approximately 2 for other combinations of prior and future fracture sites (hip, spine, wrist, or any site). The confidence profile method was used to derive a single pooled estimate from the studies that provided sufficient data for other combinations of prior and subsequent fracture sites. Studies of peri- and postmenopausal women with prior fractures had 2.0 (95 % CI = 1.8, 2.1) times the risk of subsequent fracture compared with women without prior fractures. For other studies (including men and women of all ages), the risk was increased by 2.2 (1.9, 2.6) times. We conclude that history of prior fracture at any site is an important risk factor for future fractures. Patients with a history of prior fracture, therefore, should receive further evaluation for osteoporosis and fracture risk.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Meta-analysis of the impact of 9 medication classes on falls in elderly persons.

              There is increasing recognition that the use of certain medications contributes to falls in seniors. Our objective was to update a previously completed meta-analysis looking at the association of medication use and falling to include relevant drug classes and new studies that have been completed since a previous meta-analysis. Studies were identified through a systematic search of English-language articles published from 1996 to 2007. We identified studies that were completed on patients older than 60 years, looking at the association between medication use and falling. Bayesian methods allowed us to combine the results of a previous meta-analysis with new information to estimate updated Bayesian odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs) Of 11 118 identified articles, 22 met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were completed on 9 unique drug classes, including 79 081 participants, with the following Bayesian unadjusted OR estimates: antihypertensive agents, OR, 1.24 (95% CrI, 1.01-1.50); diuretics, OR, 1.07 (95% CrI, 1.01-1.14); beta-blockers, OR, 1.01 (95% CrI, 0.86-1.17); sedatives and hypnotics, OR, 1.47 (95% CrI, 1.35-1.62); neuroleptics and antipsychotics, OR, 1.59 (95% CrI, 1.37-1.83); antidepressants, OR, 1.68 (95% CrI, 1.47-1.91); benzodiazepines, OR, 1.57 (95% CrI, 1.43-1.72); narcotics, OR, 0.96 (95% CrI, 0.78-1.18); and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, OR, 1.21 (95% CrI, 1.01-1.44). The updated Bayesian adjusted OR estimates for diuretics, neuroleptics and antipsychotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines were 0.99 (95% CrI, 0.78-1.25), 1.39 (95% CrI, 0.94-2.00), 1.36 (95% CrI, 1.13-1.76), and 1.41 (95% CrI, 1.20-1.71), respectively. Stratification of studies had little effect on Bayesian OR estimates, with only small differences in the stratified ORs observed across population (for beta-blockers and neuroleptics and antipsychotics) and study type (for sedatives and hypnotics, benzodiazepines, and narcotics). An increased likelihood of falling was estimated for the use of sedatives and hypnotics, neuroleptics and antipsychotics, antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in studies considered to have "good" medication and falls ascertainment. The use of sedatives and hypnotics, antidepressants, and benzodiazepines demonstrated a significant association with falls in elderly individuals.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                +49-711-81013101 , +49-711-81013199 , kilian.rapp@rbk.de
                Journal
                Z Gerontol Geriatr
                Z Gerontol Geriatr
                Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
                Springer Medizin (Heidelberg )
                0948-6704
                1435-1269
                28 March 2018
                28 March 2018
                2019
                : 52
                : 1
                : 10-16
                Affiliations
                [1 ]ISNI 0000 0004 0603 4965, GRID grid.416008.b, Department of Clinical Gerontology, , Robert-Bosch-Hospital, ; Auerbachstr. 110, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
                [2 ]ISNI 0000 0004 1936 9748, GRID grid.6582.9, Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, , Ulm University, ; Helmholtzstr. 22, 89081 Ulm, Germany
                [3 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2218 4662, GRID grid.6363.0, Department of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Prevention and Health Service Research, Center for Sport Science and Sport Medicine (CSSB), Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery (CMSC), , Charité Universitätsmedizin, ; Berlin, Germany
                [4 ]Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical Park Berlin Humboldtmühle, Berlin, Germany
                [5 ]ISNI 0000 0001 2165 8627, GRID grid.8664.c, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, , University of Giessen and Marburg GmbH, ; Baldingerstraße, 35043 Marburg, Germany
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1625-2571
                Article
                1382
                10.1007/s00391-018-1382-z
                6353815
                29594444
                979c843f-003b-4246-8442-0f4708e14b74
                © The Author(s) 2018

                Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                : 22 November 2017
                : 23 January 2018
                : 2 March 2018
                Categories
                Reviews
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2019

                risk factors,mortality,intellectual disability,institutionalization,prevention,risikofaktoren,mortalität,geistige behinderung,institutionalisierung,prävention

                Comments

                Comment on this article