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      Improvement of Surface Roughness and Hydrophobicity in PETG Parts Manufactured via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): An Application in 3D Printed Self–Cleaning Parts

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          Abstract

          The fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique is used today by companies engaged in the fabrication of traffic signs for the manufacture of light-emitting diode LED spotlights. In this sector, the surface properties of the elements used (surface finish, hydrophobic features) are decisive because surfaces that retain little dirt and favor self–cleaning behavior are needed. A design of experiments (L27) with five factors and three levels has been carried out. The factors studied were: Layer height (LH), print temperature (T), print speed (PS), print acceleration (PA), and flow rate (F). Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) specimens of 25.0 × 25.0 × 2.4 mm have been printed and, in each of them, the surface roughness ( R a,0 , R a,90 ), sliding angle (SA 0, SA 90), and contact angle (CA 0, CA 90) in both perpendicular directions have been measured. Taguchi and ANOVA analysis shows that the most influential variables in this case are printing acceleration for R a, 0 ( p–value = 0.052) and for SA 0 ( p–value = 0.051) and flow rate for R a, 90 ( p–value = 0.001) and for SA 90 ( p–value = 0.012). Although the ANOVA results for the contact angle are not significant, specimen 8 (PA = 1500 mm/s 2 and flow rate F = 110%) and specimen 10 (PA =1500 mm/s 2 and F = 100%) have reached contact angle values above or near the limit value for hydrophobia, respectively.

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          Fundamentals and applications of 3D printing for novel materials

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            Additive manufacturing and sustainability: an exploratory study of the advantages and challenges

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              The rise of 3-D printing: The advantages of additive manufacturing over traditional manufacturing

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Materials (Basel)
                Materials (Basel)
                materials
                Materials
                MDPI
                1996-1944
                06 August 2019
                August 2019
                : 12
                : 15
                : 2499
                Affiliations
                Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cordoba, Medina Azahara Avenue, 5–14071 Cordoba, Spain
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: p62rocap@ 123456uco.es ; Tel.: +34-957-212-235
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9991-458X
                Article
                materials-12-02499
                10.3390/ma12152499
                6696107
                31390834
                97ce1f4d-24e3-40f8-a743-20978c6533c9
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 07 July 2019
                : 02 August 2019
                Categories
                Article

                fused deposition modeling (fdm),polyethylene terephthalate glycol (petg),surface roughness,sliding angle,contact angle,hydrophobicity,self-cleaning,taguchi method,anova

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