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      Antioxidant and Nitrite-Scavenging Capacities of Phenolic Compounds from Sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum L.) Tops

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          Abstract

          Sugarcane tops were extracted with 50% ethanol and fractionated by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butyl alcohol successively. Eight phenolic compounds in EtOAc extracts were purified through silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, and then identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectra. The results showed that eight phenolic compounds from EtOAc extracts were identified as caffeic acid, cis- p-hydroxycinnamic acid, quercetin, apigenin, albanin A, australone A, moracin M, and 5'-geranyl-5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone. The antioxidant and nitrite-scavenging capacities of different solvent extracts correlated positively with their total phenolic (TP) contents. Amongst various extracts, EtOAc extracts possessed the highest TP content and presented the strongest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacity, 2,2'-azobis-3-ethylbenthiaazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitrite-scavenging capacity. Thus, sugarcane tops could be promoted as a source of natural antioxidant.

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          Most cited references28

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          Phenolics as potential antioxidant therapeutic agents: mechanism and actions.

          Accumulating chemical, biochemical, clinical and epidemiological evidence supports the chemoprotective effects of phenolic antioxidants against oxidative stress-mediated disorders. The pharmacological actions of phenolic antioxidants stem mainly from their free radical scavenging and metal chelating properties as well as their effects on cell signaling pathways and on gene expression. The antioxidant capacities of phenolic compounds that are widely distributed in plant-based diets were assessed by the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the hypochlorite scavenging capacity, the deoxyribose method and the copper-phenanthroline-dependent DNA oxidation assays. Based on the TEAC, FRAP and hypochlorite scavenging data, the observed activity order was: procyanidin dimer>flavanol>flavonol>hydroxycinnamic acids>simple phenolic acids. Among the flavonol aglycones, the antioxidant propensities decrease in the order quercetin, myricetin and kaempferol. Gallic acid and rosmarinic acid were the most potent antioxidants among the simple phenolic and hydroxycinnamic acids, respectively. Ferulic acid displayed the highest inhibitory activity against deoxyribose degradation but no structure-activity relationship could be established for the activities of the phenolic compounds in the deoxyribose assay. The efficacies of the phenolic compounds differ depending on the mechanism of antioxidant action in the respective assay used, with procyanidin dimers and flavan-3-ols showing very potent activities in most of the systems tested. Compared to the physiologically active (glutathione, alpha-tocopherol, ergothioneine) and synthetic (Trolox, BHA, BHT) antioxidants, these compounds exhibited much higher efficacy. Plant-derived phenolics represents good sources of natural antioxidants, however, further investigation on the molecular mechanism of action of these phytochemicals is crucial to the evaluation of their potential as prophylactic agents.
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            Antioxidant activity of grape seed (Vitis vinifera) extracts on peroxidation models in vitro

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              ORAC and TEAC assays comparison to measure the antioxidant capacity of food products

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Molecules
                Molecules
                molecules
                Molecules
                MDPI
                1420-3049
                26 August 2014
                September 2014
                : 19
                : 9
                : 13147-13160
                Affiliations
                [1 ]College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; E-Mail: waydongyi2501779@ 123456163.com
                [2 ]Agro-food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; E-Mails: xuemeihe1981@ 123456126.com (X.-M.H.); lili@ 123456gxaas.net (L.L.); changbaoli@ 123456gxaas.net (C.-B.L.)
                [3 ]Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement Laboratory, Nanning 530007, China
                Author notes
                [* ]Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: jiansun@ 123456gxaas.net (J.S.); femmzhao@ 123456scut.edu.cn (M.-M.Z.); Tel.: +86-20-87113914 (M.-M.Z.); Fax: +86-20-87113914 (M.-M.Z.).
                Article
                molecules-19-13147
                10.3390/molecules190913147
                6270697
                25162956
                97e26241-b5ca-4a6c-952e-efe1ab17a62f
                © 2014 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

                History
                : 04 July 2014
                : 15 August 2014
                : 15 August 2014
                Categories
                Article

                sugarcane tops,phenolic compounds,identification,antioxidantcapacity,nitrite-scavengingcapacity

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