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      Toxicidade de produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura do cafeeiro a larvas de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) e efeitos sobre as fases subseqüentes do desenvolvimento do predador Translated title: Toxicity of pesticides used in coffee crops to larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and their effects on subsequent stages of the predator

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          Abstract

          Avaliou-se a seletividade fisiológica de alguns produtos fitossanitários utilizados em cafeeiro a larvas de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) e seus reflexos nas fases subseqüentes do desenvolvimento do predador. Os tratamentos avaliados, em g i.a./L de água foram: 1- endosulfam (Thiodan 350 CE - 1,75), 2- clorpirifós (Lorsban 480 CE - 1,2), 3- betaciflutrina (Turbo 50 CE - 0,013), 4- enxofre (Kumulus 800 PM - 4,0), 5- azociclotina (Peropal 250 PM - 0,31), 6- oxicloreto de cobre (Cuprogarb 500 PM - 5,0) e 7- testemunha (água). As pulverizações foram realizadas em larvas de primeiro, segundo e terceiro ínstares de C. externa, por meio de torre de Potter. Em seguida, as larvas foram individualizadas em tubos de vidro e mantidas em câmara climatizada regulada a 25 ± 2ºC, UR de 70 ± 10% e fotofase de 12h. A toxicidade dos produtos foi calculada em função do seu efeito total (E) e categorizada conforme escala proposta pela IOBC. Clorpirifós e betaciflutrina foram nocivos a larvas de primeiro ínstar (E > 99%) e os demais foram seletivos. Clorpirifós foi também tóxico a larvas de segundo e terceiro ínstares, sendo os demais compostos inócuos ao predador (E < 30%). Nenhum dos produtos avaliados afetou a duração e sobrevivência de pupas, ou a razão sexual e fase adulta dos indivíduos provenientes de larvas tratadas. Endosulfam, enxofre, azociclotina e oxicloreto de cobre foram seletivos para larvas de primeiro, segundo e terceiro ínstares de C. externa e não afetaram as fases subseqüentes do desenvolvimento desse crisopídeo, podendo ser utilizados no manejo de pragas na cultura do cafeeiro.

          Translated abstract

          The objective was to evaluate the selectivity of pesticides used in coffee crops to larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) and their effects on the subsequent developmental stages of the predator. The treatments in g a.i./L of water were: 1 - endosulfan (Thiodan 350 CE - 1.75), 2 - chlorpyrifos (Lorsban 480 CE - 1.2), 3 - betacyfluthrin (Turbo 50 CE - 0.013), 4 - sulphur (Kumulus 800 PM - 4.0), 5 - azocyclotin (Peropal 250 PM - 0.31), 6 - copper oxichloride (Cuprogarb 500 PM - 5.0) and 7 - control (water). The products were sprayed on first, second and third-instar larvae using a Potter's tower. The larvae were individualized in glass tubes and maintained at 25 ± 2ºC, RH of 70 ± 10% and 12h photophase. The toxicity of the pesticides was calculated based in their total effect (E) and classified according to recommendations of IOBC. Chlorpyrifos and betacyfluthrin were harmful to first-instar larvae (E > 99%). Endosulfan, sulphur, azocyclotin and copper oxichloride were harmless to first-instar larvae and the others were selective. Chlorpyrifos was also toxic to second and third-instar larvae, and the other compounds were selective (E < 30%). None of the pesticides affected the duration and survival rate of pupae or the sex ratio of the adults originated from treated larvae. Endosulfan, sulphur, azocyclotin and copper oxichloride were harmless to the larval stage of C. externa and did not affect the subsequent stages, so that they can be recommended in IPM programs for the coffee crop.

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          Most cited references22

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          Agroecologia: processos ecológicos em agricultura sustentável

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            Trichogramma e o Controle Biológico Aplicado

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              Residual action of insecticides to larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) under greenhouse conditions

              ABSTRACT - This work was designed to evaluate the residual action of the insecticides trichlorfon, triflumuron, endosulfan, fenpropathrin, chlorpirifos, tebufenozide and esfenvalerate, sprayed on cotton plants, to second-instar larvae of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861), under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized with ten replicates. Three larvae were released on each plant, in the 1st, 12th and 23rd day after pesticides spray. Tebufenozide and esfenvalerate were little persistent (class one), while trichlorfon, triflumuron and endosulfan were slightly persistent, decreasing the survival of C. externa larvae over 30%, up to 14 days after spray. Fenpropathrin and chlorpirifos caused mortality over 30%, up to 25 days after spray, being classified as fairly persistent.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                ne
                Neotropical Entomology
                Neotrop. entomol.
                Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil (Londrina )
                1678-8052
                December 2005
                : 34
                : 6
                : 951-959
                Affiliations
                [1 ] EcoCentro
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Lavras Brazil
                Article
                S1519-566X2005000600012
                10.1590/S1519-566X2005000600012
                9821379a-a9b6-4605-b218-d6748a647e83

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1519-566X&lng=en
                Categories
                ENTOMOLOGY

                Entomology
                Insecta,Coffea arabica,green lacewing,insecticide,acaricide,selectivity,crisopídeo,inseticida,acaricida,seletividade

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