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      COMPOSTING SUGAR CANE BAGASSE AT FULL SCALE: ORGANIC MATTER DECAY KINETICS, METAGENOMICS AND PLANT-GROWTH PROMOTING BACTERIA CAPABILITIES Translated title: COMPOSTAJE DE BAGAZO DE CAÑA DE AZÚCAR A ESCALA COMERCIAL: CINÉTICA DE DECAIMIENTO DE MATERIA ORGÁNICA, METAGENÓMICA Y CAPACIDADES BACTERIANAS PARA LA PROMOCIÓN DEL CRECIMIENTO DE PLANTAS

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT The management difficulties implied at field-scale composting make difficult to perform kinetic studies, leading to a gap in the literature at real enterprise conditions. Although composting has been reported to show a three-phase kinetics regarding the temperature, for organic matter, an exponential decay kinetics has been described. Organic matter decay, internal temperature of sugar-cane bagasse compost windrows along the time at enterprise (field-scale) level and the microbial community of the final product were analyzed. Final compost was achieved at 12-17 weeks with 41-47 % humidity and 31-47 % organic matter content. Kinetics model of organic matter biodegradation showed R2 ≥ 0.6 and no differences between exponential or linear model R2 were observed. Linear biodegradation constant was 2.5 % of organic matter loss/week, ranging from 2.2 to 3.7 %/week. The most abundant bacterial classes were Bacilli and Anaerolineae from metagenomic analysis. Bacterial cultures isolated showed plant-growth promoting and aromatic degradation capabilities. This shed light to future prospection studies on real-world composting for enterprises and scientists.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMEN Las dificultades de manejo del compostaje a escala comercial o de campo dificultan el desarrollo de estudios cinéticos, lo que ha llevado a una ausencia de información en la literatura en las condiciones reales comerciales. Aunque se ha reportado que el compostaje tiene tres fases según la temperatura y la materia orgánica, se ha descrito que sigue una cinética de decaimiento exponencial. En el presente trabajo se analizaron la disminunición de materia orgánica y la temperatura interna y externa de filas de composta de bagazo de caña a lo largo del tiempo a nivel comercial (escala de campo) y metagenómica del producto final. La composta final se alcanzó a las 12-17 semanas con 41-47 % de humedad y 31-47 % de materia orgánica. El modelo cinético de degradación mostró una R2 ≥ 0.6 y no se observaron diferencias entre el ajuste al modelo exponencial y el lineal. La constante de degradación lineal fue de 2.5 % materia orgánica/semana, en un rango entre 2.2 y 3.7 %/semana. Las clases bacterianas más abundantes de los análisis metagenómicos del producto final fueron Bacilli y Anaerolineae. Los aislados bacterianos cultivados mostraron capacidad de promoción de crecimiento de plantas y degradación de aromáticos. Esto aporta conocimiento para futuros estudios de prospección para cientìficos y empresas que realicen compostaje a nivel comercial.

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          Most cited references16

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          Cellular adhesiveness and cellulolytic capacity in Anaerolineae revealed by omics-based genome interpretation

          Background The Anaerolineae lineage of Chloroflexi had been identified as one of the core microbial populations in anaerobic digesters; however, the ecological role of the Anaerolineae remains uncertain due to the scarcity of isolates and annotated genome sequences. Our previous metatranscriptional analysis revealed this prevalent population that showed minimum involvement in the main pathways of cellulose hydrolysis and subsequent methanogenesis in the thermophilic cellulose fermentative consortium (TCF). Results In further pursuit, five high-quality curated draft genomes (>98 % completeness) of this population, including two affiliated with the inaccessible lineage of SBR1031, were retrieved by sequence-based multi-dimensional coverage binning. Comparative genomic analyses revealed versatile genetic capabilities for carbohydrate-based fermentative lifestyle including key genes catalyzing cellulose hydrolysis in Anaerolinea phylotypes. However, the low transcriptional activities of carbohydrate-active genes (CAGs) excluded cellulolytic capability as the selective advantage for their prevalence in the community. Instead, a substantially active type VI pili (Tfp) assembly was observed. Expression of the tight adherence protein on the Tfp indicated its function for cellular attachment which was further testified to be more likely related to cell aggregation other than cellulose surface adhesion. Meanwhile, this Tfp structure was found not contributing to syntrophic methanogenesis. Members of the SBR1031 encoded key genes for acetogenic dehydrogenation that may allow ethanol to be used as a carbon source. Conclusion The common prevalence of Anaerolineae in anaerobic digesters should be originated from advantageous cellular adhesiveness enabled by Tfp assembly other than its potential as cellulose degrader or anaerobic syntrophs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-016-0524-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            Characterization of catechol 2,3-dioxygenase from Planococcus sp. strain S5 induced by high phenol concentration.

            This study aimed at characterization of a new catechol 2,3-dioxygenase isolated from a Gram-positive bacterium able to utilize phenol as the sole carbon and energy source. Planococcus sp. strain S5 grown on 1 or 2 mM phenol showed activity of both a catechol 1,2- and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase while at a higher concentrations of phenol only catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity was observed. The enzyme was optimally active at 60°C and pH 8.0. Kinetic studies showed that the K(m) and V(max) of the enzyme were 42.70 µM and 329.96 mU, respectively. The catechol 2,3-dioxygenase showed the following relative meta-cleavage activities for various catechols tested: catechol (100%), 3-methylcatechol (13.67%), 4-methylcatechol (106.33%) and 4-chlorocatechol (203.80%). The high reactivity of this enzyme towards 4-chlorocatechol is different from that observed for other catechol 2,3-dioxygenases. Nucleotide sequencing and homology search revealed that the gene encoding the S5 catechol 2,3-dioxygenase shared the greatest homology with the known genes encoding isoenzymes from Gram-negative Pseudomonas strains.
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              Effects of Microbial Inoculant on Physical and Chemical Properties in Pig Manure Composting

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rica
                Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental
                Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient
                Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0188-4999
                2020
                : 36
                : 2
                : 361-370
                Affiliations
                [2] Tepic orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Nayarit orgdiv1Unidad Académica de Ciencias Básicas e Ingenierías Mexico
                [1] Guadalajara Jalisco orgnameCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. México
                Article
                S0188-49992020000200361 S0188-4999(20)03600200361
                10.20937/rica.53519
                983dec4b-0f1e-4907-8b8b-e467a6b16695

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 January 2019
                : 01 July 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 16, Pages: 10
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                SciELO Mexico

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                biodegradabilidad,microbioma,composta,biofertilizer,microbiome,biodegradability,compost,biofertilizante

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