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      Eye Design and Color Signaling in a Stomatopod Crustacean Gonodactylus smithii

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          Abstract

          Many species of stomatopod crustaceans have multiple spectral classes of photoreceptors in their retinas. Behavioral evidence also indicates that stomatopods are capable of discriminating objects by their spectral differences alone. Most animals use only two to four different types of photoreceptors in their color vision systems, typically with broad sensitivity functions, but the stomatopods apparently include eight or more narrowband photoreceptor classes for color recognition. It is also known that stomatopods use several colored body regions in social interactions. To examine why stomatopods may be so ‘concerned’ with color, we measured the absorption spectra of visual pigments and intrarhabdomal filters, and the reflectance spectra from different parts of the bodies of several individuals of the gonodactyloid stomatopod species, Gonodactylus smithii. We then applied a model of multiple dichromatic channels for color encoding to examine whether the finely tuned color vision was specifically co-evolved with their complex color signals. Although the eye design of stomatopods seems suitable for detecting color signals of their own, the detection of color signals from other animals, such as reef fishes, can be enhanced as well. Color vision in G. smithii is therefore not exclusively adapted to detect its own color signals, but the spectral tuning of some photoreceptors (e.g. midband Rows 2 and 3) enhances the contrast of certain color signals to a large enough degree to make co-evolution between color vision and these rather specific color signals likely.

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          Most cited references35

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          Signals, Signal Conditions, and the Direction of Evolution

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            Tetrachromacy, oil droplets and bird plumage colours

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              Some general comments on the evolution and design of animal communication systems.

              Animal communication systems have evolved so that individuals can make decisions based upon the behaviour, physiology or morphology of others. Receiving mechanisms probably evolve to increase the efficiency and reliability of information reception whereas signals probably evolve to increase the efficiency of communication and reliability of manipulation of the receiving individual to the benefit of the emitter. The minimum requirement for clear reception suggests that any study of the evolution and design of communication systems must consider the factors that affect the quality of the received and processed signal. Critical information is needed about how the signal is generated and emitted, how it fares during transmission through air, water or substrate, how it is received and processed by the receiver's sensory and cognitive systems, and the factors which affect the fitness consequences of alternative ways of reacting to the information contained in the signal. These should allow predictions about the kinds and forms of signals used by animals signalling under known conditions. Phylogenetic history, and the geological time a clade spends in different signalling environments, will also affect signal evolution, and hence the success of predictions about signal design. We need to use methods of many different biological fields to understand the design and evolution of signals and signalling systems.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                BBE
                Brain Behav Evol
                10.1159/issn.0006-8977
                Brain, Behavior and Evolution
                S. Karger AG
                0006-8977
                1421-9743
                2000
                August 2000
                26 May 2009
                : 56
                : 2
                : 107-122
                Affiliations
                aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Md., USA; bVision Touch and Hearing Research Center, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
                Article
                6681 Brain Behav Evol 2000;56:107–122
                10.1159/000006681
                11111137
                988bd3b1-7a6a-4dbf-9991-2a6911752b0f
                © 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel

                Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 9, References: 49, Pages: 16
                Categories
                Original Paper

                Geriatric medicine,Neurology,Cardiovascular Medicine,Neurosciences,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry,Public health
                Eye design,Stomatopod,Color vision,Color signaling,<italic>Gonodactylus smithii</italic>

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