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      Advances in radiotherapy for esophageal cancer

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          Abstract

          Esophageal cancer is a common type of malignancy worldwide and usually requires multidisciplinary care. Radiotherapy plays an important part in management of the disease. During the past few years, researchers have made much progress about radiotherapy for esophageal cancer, which was revealed in every aspect of clinical practice. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy remains the standard treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer, whereas neoadjuvant chemotherapy appears to show less toxicities and non-inferior prognosis. What’s more, definitive chemoradiotherapy could be an option for non-surgical candidates and good responders to chemoradiotherapy. Advances in radiation techniques result in higher conformity, homogeneity, more normal tissue sparing and less treatment time. Promising prognoses and less toxicities were also seen in advanced techniques. As radiation dose higher than 50 Gy obtains better local control and survival, simultaneously integrated boost is designed to increase primary tumor dosage and keep prophylactic dose to subclinical areas. Elective nodal irradiation brings about better local control but do not show advantages in survival compared with involved field irradiation (IFI). As a trend, more tolerable chemoradiotherapy regimen would be taken into account in dealing with elderly patients.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Ann Transl Med
          Ann Transl Med
          ATM
          Annals of Translational Medicine
          AME Publishing Company
          2305-5839
          2305-5847
          February 2018
          February 2018
          : 6
          : 4
          : 79
          Affiliations
          [1 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 100021, China;
          [2 ]Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX, USA
          Author notes

          Contributions: (I) Conception and design: All authors; (II) Administrative support: SH Lin; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: All authors; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: W Deng; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: All authors; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

          Correspondence to: Steven H. Lin, MD, PhD. Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Unit 097, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Email: shlin@ 123456mdanderson.org .
          Article
          PMC5890036 PMC5890036 5890036 atm-06-04-79
          10.21037/atm.2017.11.28
          5890036
          29666802
          98e1fb92-2ebe-4e34-a067-bd27f625bdab
          2018 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
          History
          : 18 September 2017
          : 07 November 2017
          Categories
          Review Article

          target volume,Radiotherapy,esophageal cancer,neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy,radiation techniques,simultaneously integrated boost

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