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      Stronger spatial genetic structure in recolonized areas than in refugia in the European beech.

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          Abstract

          Extant rear-edge populations located in former glacial refugia remain understudied despite their high conservation value. These populations should have experienced strong genetic drift due to their small size and long isolation. Moreover, the prolonged action of isolation by distance in refugial areas should result in stronger regional spatial genetic structure (SGS) than in recolonized areas, but empirical tests of this prediction are scarce. To fill this gap, we first used a set of 16 microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic structure of European beech in France in 65 populations from three refugial areas and one control recolonized (nonrefugial) area. Then, using the same approach, we reanalysed published isozyme data from 375 populations distributed across the entire species range. We found stronger genetic differentiation among populations in refugia than in recolonized areas. However, contrary to expectations, regional SGS was lower within refugia than within recolonized areas. Published studies presenting similar analyses suggest that our results could have generality across different biogeographical settings and types of organisms. Strong and prolonged genetic drift in refugial areas could have erased the signature of range expansions that is still visible in recolonized areas. Our results therefore suggest that Pleistocene population isolation has played a key role in increasing the genetic complexity of extant rear-edge populations.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Mol. Ecol.
          Molecular ecology
          Wiley-Blackwell
          1365-294X
          0962-1083
          Sep 2013
          : 22
          : 17
          Affiliations
          [1 ] INRA, UMR 1202 BIOGECO, INRA, F-33610, Cestas, France. guillaume.de-lafontaine.1@ulaval.ca
          Article
          10.1111/mec.12403
          23980761
          9912b0b6-b767-40fe-948a-76cc689bd0e8
          History

          Europe,Fagus sylvatica,genetic differentiation,glacial refugia,isolation-by-distance,range expansion,rear edge,spatial genetic structure

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