7
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      DIAGNÓSTICO Y TRATAMIENTO DE LA DEFICIENCIA DE VITAMINA D Translated title: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          El estado nutrícional de vitamina D ha cobrado importancia en los últimos años debido a que su deficiencia es altamente prevalente, y además por sus conocidos efectos en el metabolismo óseo, participa en la diferenciación y proliferación celular, función muscular y equilibrio, entre otros. La molécula activa es la 1,25(OH)2D, pero se recomienda medir niveles séricos de 25 OH vitamina D total (es decir la suma de ergocalciferol o vitamina D2 y colecalciferol o vitamina D3), como reflejo del status de vitamina D. La evidencia actual sugiere la necesidad de elevar las recomendaciones para la ingesta dietaria en adultos, hasta cifras cercanas a 1.000 Ul/día. Sin embargo en casos de deficiencia puede ser necesario utilizar suplementos farmacéuticos conteniendo dosis superiores de esta vitamina, por cuanto aquellas utilizadas en el pasado no lograban corregir el déficit. En este artículo se presenta un listado de los preparados comerciales que contienen vitamina D disponibles en Chile. Al analizarlo se pone de mamfiesto la dificultad que representa elegir el preparado más adecuado para corregir la deficiencia en un paciente individual, debido a que son pocas las preparaciones que contienen más de 800 UI, además de que habitualmente se encuentra en asociación con calcio, bifosfonatos o múltiples otros minerales y vitaminas.

          Translated abstract

          Nutritional status of vitamin D has regained importance in the last few years because its deficiency is highly prevalent, and because, apart from its well known effects on bone metabolism, this vitamin participates in cellular proliferation and differentiation and muscle strength and balance, among other effects. The active molecule is 1,25(OH)2D, but serum concentration of total 25 OH vitamin D (i.e. including ergocalciferol or vitamin D2 plus chole calciferol or vitamin D3) is the preferred indicator of vitamin D status. Recent evidences suggest the need to increase dietary recommendations in adults up to 1,000 IU/day. However, in deficiency states it is often necessary to supplement with pharmaceutical preparations, which contain higher doses of this vitamin since the amounts previously employed were not able to return levels to normal. In the present article we present the entire list of vitamin D preparations commercially available in Chile. The difficulty of choosing the most adequate product for an individual patient becomes clear, because there are only few formulations containing more than 800IU and, in addition they are usually combined with calcium, biphosphonates or multiple minerals and other vitamins.

          Related collections

          Most cited references62

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Prevention of rickets and vitamin D deficiency in infants, children, and adolescents.

          Rickets in infants attributable to inadequate vitamin D intake and decreased exposure to sunlight continues to be reported in the United States. There are also concerns for vitamin D deficiency in older children and adolescents. Because there are limited natural dietary sources of vitamin D and adequate sunshine exposure for the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D is not easily determined for a given individual and may increase the risk of skin cancer, the recommendations to ensure adequate vitamin D status have been revised to include all infants, including those who are exclusively breastfed and older children and adolescents. It is now recommended that all infants and children, including adolescents, have a minimum daily intake of 400 IU of vitamin D beginning soon after birth. The current recommendation replaces the previous recommendation of a minimum daily intake of 200 IU/day of vitamin D supplementation beginning in the first 2 months after birth and continuing through adolescence. These revised guidelines for vitamin D intake for healthy infants, children, and adolescents are based on evidence from new clinical trials and the historical precedence of safely giving 400 IU of vitamin D per day in the pediatric and adolescent population. New evidence supports a potential role for vitamin D in maintaining innate immunity and preventing diseases such as diabetes and cancer. The new data may eventually refine what constitutes vitamin D sufficiency or deficiency.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences.

            Vitamin D deficiency is now recognized as a pandemic. The major cause of vitamin D deficiency is the lack of appreciation that sun exposure in moderation is the major source of vitamin D for most humans. Very few foods naturally contain vitamin D, and foods that are fortified with vitamin D are often inadequate to satisfy either a child's or an adult's vitamin D requirement. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children and will precipitate and exacerbate osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures in adults. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased risk of common cancers, autoimmune diseases, hypertension, and infectious diseases. A circulating level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D of >75 nmol/L, or 30 ng/mL, is required to maximize vitamin D's beneficial effects for health. In the absence of adequate sun exposure, at least 800-1000 IU vitamin D3/d may be needed to achieve this in children and adults. Vitamin D2 may be equally effective for maintaining circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D when given in physiologic concentrations.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures.

              The efficacy of calcium with vitamin D supplementation for preventing hip and other fractures in healthy postmenopausal women remains equivocal. We recruited 36,282 postmenopausal women, 50 to 79 years of age, who were already enrolled in a Women's Health Initiative (WHI) clinical trial. We randomly assigned participants to receive 1000 mg of elemental [corrected] calcium as calcium carbonate with 400 IU of vitamin D3 daily or placebo. Fractures were ascertained for an average follow-up period of 7.0 years. Bone density was measured at three WHI centers. Hip bone density was 1.06 percent higher in the calcium plus vitamin D group than in the placebo group (P<0.01). Intention-to-treat analysis indicated that participants receiving calcium plus vitamin D supplementation had a hazard ratio of 0.88 for hip fracture (95 percent confidence interval, 0.72 to 1.08), 0.90 for clinical spine fracture (0.74 to 1.10), and 0.96 for total fractures (0.91 to 1.02). The risk of renal calculi increased with calcium plus vitamin D (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.34). Censoring data from women when they ceased to adhere to the study medication reduced the hazard ratio for hip fracture to 0.71 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.97). Effects did not vary significantly according to prerandomization serum vitamin D levels. Among healthy postmenopausal women, calcium with vitamin D supplementation resulted in a small but significant improvement in hip bone density, did not significantly reduce hip fracture, and increased the risk of kidney stones. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000611.). Copyright 2006 Massachusetts Medical Society
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchnut
                Revista chilena de nutrición
                Rev. chil. nutr.
                Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0717-7518
                September 2009
                : 36
                : 3
                : 269-277
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameUniversidad de Chile orgdiv1Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA) Chile
                [01] orgnameHospital Luis Calvo Mackenna orgdiv1Unidad de Farmacia Chile
                [03] Santiago orgnameUniversidad de Los Andes orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina Chile
                Article
                S0717-75182009000300009 S0717-7518(09)03600300009
                10.4067/S0717-75182009000300009
                994f4a84-3280-4255-b62e-1ae1ab2e6abe

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 March 2009
                : 23 June 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                ARTICULOS DE ACTUALIZACION

                cholecalciferol,250HD,colecalciferol,deficiencia,1,25(OH)2D,ergocalciferol,deficiency,1 ,25(OH)2D,ergo-calciferol

                Comments

                Comment on this article