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      Swarming self-adhesive microgels enabled aneurysm on-demand embolization in physiological blood flow

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          Abstract

          The recent rise of swarming microrobotics offers great promise in the revolution of minimally invasive embolization procedure for treating aneurysm. However, targeted embolization treatment of aneurysm using microrobots has significant challenges in the delivery capability and filling controllability. Here, we develop an interventional catheterization-integrated swarming microrobotic platform for aneurysm on-demand embolization in physiological blood flow. A pH-responsive self-healing hydrogel doped with magnetic and imaging agents is developed as the embolic microgels, which enables long-term self-adhesion under biological condition in a controllable manner. The embolization strategy is initiated by catheter-assisted deployment of swarming microgels, followed by the application of external magnetic field for targeted aggregation of microrobots into aneurysm sac under the real-time guidance of ultrasound and fluoroscopy imaging. Mild acidic stimulus is applied to trigger the welding of microgels with satisfactory bio-/hemocompatibility and physical stability and realize complete embolization. Our work presents a promising connection between the design and control of microrobotic swarms toward practical applications in dynamic environments.

          Abstract

          A microrobotic platform realizes active delivery and targeted accumulation of self-adhesive microgels for aneurysm embolization.

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          Most cited references58

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          Environment-sensitive hydrogels for drug delivery

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            Microrobots for minimally invasive medicine.

            Microrobots have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of medicine. These untethered, wirelessly controlled and powered devices will make existing therapeutic and diagnostic procedures less invasive and will enable new procedures never before possible. The aim of this review is threefold: first, to provide a comprehensive survey of the technological state of the art in medical microrobots; second, to explore the potential impact of medical microrobots and inspire future research in this field; and third, to provide a collection of valuable information and engineering tools for the design of medical microrobots.
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              Micro/nanorobots for biomedicine: Delivery, surgery, sensing, and detoxification

              Micro- and nanoscale robots that can effectively convert diverse energy sources into movement and force represent a rapidly emerging and fascinating robotics research area. Recent advances in the design, fabrication, and operation of micro/nanorobots have greatly enhanced their power, function, and versatility. The new capabilities of these tiny untethered machines indicate immense potential for a variety of biomedical applications. This article reviews recent progress and future perspectives of micro/nanorobots in biomedicine, with a special focus on their potential advantages and applications for directed drug delivery, precision surgery, medical diagnosis and detoxification. Future success of this technology, to be realized through close collaboration between robotics, medical and nanotechnology experts, should have a major impact on disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: ValidationRole: VisualizationRole: Writing - original draftRole: Writing - review & editing
                Role: InvestigationRole: Methodology
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: InvestigationRole: Methodology
                Role: Formal analysisRole: Visualization
                Role: InvestigationRole: ResourcesRole: SoftwareRole: Validation
                Role: InvestigationRole: Methodology
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: ResourcesRole: Validation
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: Project administrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Writing - review & editing
                Journal
                Sci Adv
                Sci Adv
                sciadv
                advances
                Science Advances
                American Association for the Advancement of Science
                2375-2548
                May 2023
                12 May 2023
                : 9
                : 19
                : eadf9278
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ]School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518071, Guangdong, China.
                [ 2 ]Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                [ 3 ]Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                [ 4 ]Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                [ 5 ]Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211000, China.
                [ 6 ]Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                [ 7 ]Vascular and Interventional Radiology Foundation Clinical Science Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                [ 8 ]T-Stone Robotics Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong 999077, China.
                Author notes
                [* ]Corresponding author. Email: simonyu@ 123456cuhk.edu.hk (S.C.H.Y.); lizhang@ 123456mae.cuhk.edu.hk (L.Z.)
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4833-538X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-0089
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6189-3138
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-171X
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-5026
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-8962
                Article
                adf9278
                10.1126/sciadv.adf9278
                10181194
                37172097
                995cc41c-44e0-49f0-a072-a7cef18db6cf
                Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 21 November 2022
                : 07 April 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Award ID: 52202348
                Funded by: Shenzhen Science and Technology Program;
                Award ID: GXWD20220818224716001
                Funded by: General Research Fund;
                Award ID: 14218516
                Funded by: Research Impact Fund;
                Award ID: R4015-21
                Funded by: Research Fellow Scheme;
                Award ID: RFS2122-4S03
                Categories
                Research Article
                Physical and Materials Sciences
                SciAdv r-articles
                Engineering
                Applied Sciences and Engineering
                Engineering
                Custom metadata
                Eunice Diego

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