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      Revisión de estudios sobre calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en la enfermedad renal crónica avanzada en España Translated title: Review of studies on health related quality of life in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease in Spain

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          Abstract

          Antecedentes: La enfermedad renal crónica avanzada (ERCA) tiene un gran impacto sobre la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). Cada vez es más frecuente el uso de esta variable en estudios en nuestro medio, aunque no se dispone de una revisión global sobre cómo se ha estudiado en población con ERCA española. Objetivos: Ofrecer una visión contrastada de los instrumentos de evaluación de la CVRS más usados en la población española con ERCA, analizando además la calidad de vida percibida por esta población. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura publicada sobre estudios realizados en España que hubieran empleado algún instrumento para medir la CVRS, genérico o específico, en pacientes con diferentes estadios de ERCA. Se excluyeron estudios en pacientes trasplantados renales cuando eran estudiados de forma independiente. La búsqueda se realizó en CINAHL, CUIDEN, DOCUMED, EMBASE, ERIC (USDE), IME, LILACS, MEDLINE, Nursin@ovid, PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science y TESEO. Resultados: Se han incluido en esta revisión 53 artículos publicados entre el año 1995 y el mes de mayo de 2014. La terapia sustitutiva renal es la variable con mayor frecuencia asociada al estudio de la CVRS, siendo la hemodiálisis la más estudiada. La mayoría de los estudios encontrados son transversales y el Short Form-36 Health Survey es el instrumento más usado. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los estudios muestra cómo la CVRS se ve afectada de forma importante en pacientes que reciben terapia sustitutiva renal. Estos resultados se muestran independientes del instrumento usado para medir la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud y de otras variables asociadas a lo largo de los distintos estudios. La CVRS ha sido analizada especialmente en pacientes en hemodiálisis, con diseños fundamentalmente observacionales y con el Short Form-36 Health Survey. Se necesitan más estudios que aborden aspectos como la CVRS en la etapa prediálisis, así como estudios con muestras más grandes y diseños longitudinales, analíticos o experimentales.

          Translated abstract

          Background: Advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD) has a great impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). The use of this variable in studies in our field is becoming more frequent, although there has been no comprehensive review of how Spaniards with ACKD are assessed. Aims: To offer a contrasted vision of the HRQL assessment tools that are most often used on Spanish ACKD population, also analysing how this population perceive their quality of life. Method: A review was carried out on literature published on studies undertaken in Spain that had used some kind of instrument, either generic or specific, in order to measure HRQL in patients with different stages of ACKD. Studies in kidney transplant patients were excluded when they were independently reviewed. The research was carried out in CINAHL, CUIDEN, DOCUMED, EMBASE, ERIC (USDE), IME, LILACS, MEDLINE, Nursin@ovid, PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science and TESEO. Results: 53 articles published between 1995 and May 2014 have been included in this review. Renal replacement therapy is the variable that is most often associated with the study of HRQL, with haemodialysis being the most studied. Most of the studies found are cross-sectional and the Short Form-36 Health Survey is the most used instrument. Conclusions: The majority of the studies show how HRQL is significantly affected in patients who receive renal replacement therapy. These results are independent from the instrument used to measure health-related quality of life and other associated variables throughout the various studies. HRQL has been particularly analysed in patients on haemodialysis, using mainly observational methods and the Short Form-36 Health Survey. There is a need for more studies that address aspects such as HRQL in the pre-dialysis phase, as well as studies with larger samples and longitudinal, analytical and experimental designs.

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          Spanish version of the Nottingham Health Profile: translation and preliminary validity.

          We report the transfer into Spanish of a multi-dimensional measure of perceived health originally developed in Great Britain, the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and an assessment of the preliminary validity of the version is presented. Translation of the questionnaire was obtained from experts and from a Spanish monolingual lay group. Construct validity of the version was assessed in two studies: testing relationship of NHP scores to other self-reported measures of health in a general population survey; and comparing NHP scores for a group of frequent users and for a group of non-users of primary health services. Mean scores of NHP dimensions were higher for people with poorer self-reported health and higher for the frequent health services users than for the non-users. Findings suggest that the Spanish version of the NHP is culturally equivalent to the original questionnaire, and has a similar level of construct validity. Nevertheless, further research on reliability and on the weighting system is required to establish the equivalence of the Spanish version definitively.
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            Trajectory of Quality of Life for Poor Prognosis Stage 5D Chronic Kidney Disease with and without Dialysis

            Background: Renal replacement therapy (RRT) has not always been shown to benefit end-stage renal failure patients who are elderly or have multiple comorbidities in terms of survival or symptom control. Conservative management may be a viable alternative offering comparable health-related quality of life. Methods: This is a prospective observational study of 101 patients who reached an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 8-12 ml/min and were either ≥75 years old or had an age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥8. Patients were all initially on conservative management; 38 later commenced renal replacement therapy while the rest remained conservatively managed. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form was assessed at baseline and various scheduled time points over 24 months. The mixed model methodology was used to estimate the quality of life patterns and adjust for covariates. Results: In the conservative management group, the Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary scores were stable and showed no significantly different trajectories from the RRT group (both p > 0.05). Though RRT was associated with an improvement in the Cognitive Function Scale score, it was also associated with worse scores on the Effect of Kidney Disease and Burden of Kidney Disease Scale scores. Conclusions: RRT does not improve health-related quality of life of end-stage kidney failure patients who are elderly or have a high comorbidity burden.
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              The impact of dialysis modality on quality of life: a systematic review.

              This systematic review aims to generate evidence on which dialysis modality (in-centre haemodialysis HD, or peritoneal dialysis, PD) improves the quality of life (QOL) of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE were searched from their inception to July 2010 for studies that compared QOL in both HD and PD patients. Only 26 of the 574 studies identified were included in this review. These were crosssectional, longitudinal or retrospective in design. QOL tools used include SF-36, Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL) and CHOICE Health Experience Questionnaire (CHEQ). PD patients mostly rate their QOL higher than HD patients. Yet HD patients may enjoy a relatively better QOL in the physical dimensions over time. Mental health components are comparable between both dialysis populations. There is no simple 'yes' or 'no' answer to the question of which dialysis modality improves QOL. However a good understanding of the evidence base will facilitate individual decision-making. © 2011 European Dialysis and Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                nefrologia
                Nefrología (Madrid)
                Nefrología (Madr.)
                Sociedad Española de Nefrología (Cantabria, Santander, Spain )
                0211-6995
                1989-2284
                2015
                : 35
                : 1
                : 92-109
                Affiliations
                [02] Málaga orgnameUniversidad de Málaga orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
                [01] Málaga orgnameHospital Universitario Carlos Haya orgdiv1Servicio de Nefrología
                [03] Málaga orgnameFresenius Medical Care (Málaga)
                Article
                S0211-69952015000100012
                10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2014.Jul.12133
                25611838
                99b9838f-bb66-4548-aa1b-8240e95bef60

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 29 July 2014
                : 05 June 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 89, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Spain


                Calidad de vida,Insuficiencia renal crónica,Diálisis renal,Enfermedad renal crónica avanzada,Quality of life,Chronic renal failure,Renal dialysis,Advanced kidney disease

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