For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
41
views
13
references
 Top references
cited by
35
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      41
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: not found

      Derivation of Multipotent Mesenchymal Precursors from Human Embryonic Stem Cells

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Human embryonic stem cells provide access to the earliest stages of human development and may serve as a source of specialized cells for regenerative medicine. Thus, it becomes crucial to develop protocols for the directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into tissue-restricted precursors.

          Methods and Findings

          Here, we present culture conditions for the derivation of unlimited numbers of pure mesenchymal precursors from human embryonic stem cells and demonstrate multilineage differentiation into fat, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle cells.

          Conclusion

          Our findings will help to elucidate the mechanism of mesoderm specification during embryonic stem cell differentiation and provide a platform to efficiently generate specialized human mesenchymal cell types for future clinical applications.

          Abstract

          Lorenz Studer and colleagues describe the use of embryonic stem cells to derive mesenchymal precursors and then fat, cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle cells.

          Related collections

          Most cited references13

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Functional expression cloning of Nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells.

          Ian Chambers, Douglas Colby, Morag Robertson … (2003)
          Embryonic stem (ES) cells undergo extended proliferation while remaining poised for multilineage differentiation. A unique network of transcription factors may characterize self-renewal and simultaneously suppress differentiation. We applied expression cloning in mouse ES cells to isolate a self-renewal determinant. Nanog is a divergent homeodomain protein that directs propagation of undifferentiated ES cells. Nanog mRNA is present in pluripotent mouse and human cell lines, and absent from differentiated cells. In preimplantation embryos, Nanog is restricted to founder cells from which ES cells can be derived. Endogenous Nanog acts in parallel with cytokine stimulation of Stat3 to drive ES cell self-renewal. Elevated Nanog expression from transgene constructs is sufficient for clonal expansion of ES cells, bypassing Stat3 and maintaining Oct4 levels. Cytokine dependence, multilineage differentiation, and embryo colonization capacity are fully restored upon transgene excision. These findings establish a central role for Nanog in the transcription factor hierarchy that defines ES cell identity.
          Article 0 comments Cited 606 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells.

            S. Zhang, M Wernig, I Duncan … (2001)
            The remarkable developmental potential and replicative capacity of human embryonic stem (ES) cells promise an almost unlimited supply of specific cell types for transplantation therapies. Here we describe the in vitro differentiation, enrichment, and transplantation of neural precursor cells from human ES cells. Upon aggregation to embryoid bodies, differentiating ES cells formed large numbers of neural tube-like structures in the presence of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). Neural precursors within these formations were isolated by selective enzymatic digestion and further purified on the basis of differential adhesion. Following withdrawal of FGF-2, they differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. After transplantation into the neonatal mouse brain, human ES cell-derived neural precursors were incorporated into a variety of brain regions, where they differentiated into both neurons and astrocytes. No teratoma formation was observed in the transplant recipients. These results depict human ES cells as a source of transplantable neural precursors for possible nervous system repair.
            Article 0 comments Cited 357 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Derivation of midbrain dopamine neurons from human embryonic stem cells.

              A L Perrier, V Tabar, T Barberi … (2004)
              Human embryonic stem (hES) cells are defined by their extensive self-renewal capacity and their potential to differentiate into any cell type of the human body. The challenge in using hES cells for developmental biology and regenerative medicine has been to direct the wide differentiation potential toward the derivation of a specific cell fate. Within the nervous system, hES cells have been shown to differentiate in vitro into neural progenitor cells, neurons, and astrocytes. However, to our knowledge, the selective derivation of any given neuron subtype has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we describe conditions to direct hES cells into neurons of midbrain dopaminergic identity. Neuroectodermal differentiation was triggered on stromal feeder cells followed by regional specification by means of the sequential application of defined patterning molecules that direct in vivo midbrain development. Progression toward a midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron fate was monitored by the sequential expression of key transcription factors, including Pax2, Pax5, and engrailed-1 (En1), measurements of DA release, the presence of tetrodotoxin-sensitive action potentials, and the electron-microscopic visualization of tyrosinehydroxylase-positive synaptic terminals. High-yield DA neuron derivation was confirmed from three independent hES and two monkey embryonic stem cell lines. The availability of unlimited numbers of midbrain DA neurons is a first step toward exploring the potential of hES cells in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. This experimental system also provides a powerful tool to probe the molecular mechanisms that control the development and function of human midbrain DA neurons.
              Article 0 comments Cited 208 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                : Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): PLoS Med
                Journal ID (publisher-id): pmed
                Title: PLoS Medicine
                Publisher: Public Library of Science (San Francisco, USA )
                ISSN (Print): 1549-1277
                ISSN (Electronic): 1549-1676
                Publication date (Print): June 2005
                Publication date (Electronic): 28 June 2005
                Volume: 2
                Issue: 6
                Electronic Location Identifier: e161
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tumor Biology, Division of Neurosurgery and Developmental Biology Program Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New YorkUnited States of America
                [2] 2Computational Biology Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute New York, New YorkUnited States of America
                Albany Medical College United States of America
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author Contributions: TB and LS designed the study. TB and LMW performed the experiments. TB, LMW, NDS, and LS analyzed the data. TB, NDS, and LS contributed to writing the paper.

                *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: studerl@ 123456mskcc.org
                Article
                DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0020161
                PMC ID: 1160574
                PubMed ID: 15971941
                SO-VID: 99f656db-9bdc-467e-be56-5ef7a759a15b
                Copyright © Copyright: © 2005 Barberi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
                History
                Date received : 13 October 2004
                Date accepted : 15 April 2005
                Related
                Turning Stem Cells into Mesenchymal Tissues
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Biotechnology
                Subject: Development
                Subject: Pathology

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content41

                See all similar

                Cited by109

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors693

                See all reference authors