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      GaN-based mini-LED matrix applied to multi-functional forward lighting

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          Abstract

          In this paper, we propose and demonstrate to use of a single reflector with 68 segments to project vehicle low beam and high beam with the use of a GaN-based mini-LED matrix, which is a 5 × 6 LED die array. The design of the reflector is based on light field technology in considering etendue from the light source across the segments. The group of the segments with smaller etendue from the LED dies in the bottom 2 rows are used to project low beams. When the other LED dies are turned on, the reflector will project light upward and form the high beam. The selection of the turn-on LED dies in the mini-LED matrix can adjust the width of the illumination pattern so that an adaptive low/high beam can be performed. Besides, to extend the functionality of the headlamp module, we propose to dispense IR phosphor on LED dies in the high-beam zone of the GaN-based mini-LED matrix. Thus the vehicle can emit IR high beam, which can be imaged through a camera and can be incorporated with machine vision for an autonomous vehicle without using a complicated adaptive headlight to avoid glare. The proposed multi-function in spatial and spectral domains will be helpful to various applications with use of a mini-LED matrix.

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          Most cited references20

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          High dynamic range liquid crystal displays with a mini-LED backlight

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            High-performance LED street lighting using microlens arrays.

            An efficient LED lamp that illuminates the street with high quality is presented. The luminaire shows high optical efficiency, high optical utilization factor, low glare, and illuminates the street with high uniformity. The concept is simple but effective: a cluster of LEDs with TIR lenses are put inside a reflective box, which is covered with a microlens sheet; the reflective cavity improves efficiency by light recycling; each TIR lens collimates the LED light for the microlens array; and the microlens sheet uniformly distributes light only into the street. We verify its feasibility by Monte Carlo ray-tracing for the main types of road lighting arrangements: central, zigzag, and single-side pole positions.
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              Analysis of light-emitting diodes by Monte Carlo photon simulation.

              S Lee (2001)
              A Monte Carlo photon simulation method, which is based on statistical tracing of photons inside the chip, has been developed for analysis of LED's in quantitative terms. Also included in the analysis is practical modeling of textured surfaces, which are often employed for enhanced light output. The method with its unique versatility is applicable to virtually any chip geometry and measures various important parameters such as photon-output-coupling efficiency, detailed photon flight statistics, and photon-output distribution patterns. It is speculated that the method can easily be extended to development of LED lamps and packages.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ccsun@dop.ncu.edu.tw
                Journal
                Sci Rep
                Sci Rep
                Scientific Reports
                Nature Publishing Group UK (London )
                2045-2322
                19 April 2022
                19 April 2022
                2022
                : 12
                : 6444
                Affiliations
                [1 ]GRID grid.37589.30, ISNI 0000 0004 0532 3167, Department of Optics and Photonics, , National Central University, ; ChungLi, 32001 Taiwan
                [2 ]GRID grid.260539.b, ISNI 0000 0001 2059 7017, International College of Semiconductor Technology, , National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, ; HsinChu, 30010 Taiwan
                [3 ]GRID grid.45907.3f, ISNI 0000 0000 9744 5137, Graduate Institute of Color & Illumination Technology, , National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, ; Taipei, 10607 Taiwan
                [4 ]GRID grid.260539.b, ISNI 0000 0001 2059 7017, Department of Electrophysics, , National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, ; HsinChu, 30010 Taiwan
                Article
                10392
                10.1038/s41598-022-10392-9
                9018769
                35440679
                9a0037e4-e2ff-4778-8b56-d5594725be0a
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 14 November 2021
                : 23 March 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004663, Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan;
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award ID: 108-2622-E-008-010-CC2, 109-2622-E-008-014-CC2
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2022

                Uncategorized
                engineering,optics and photonics
                Uncategorized
                engineering, optics and photonics

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