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      Open innovation in neuroscience research and drug discovery

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          Abstract

          The pressures on the pharmaceutical industry have incentivised a number of new collaborative models of research and development which can be categorised as open innovation. Examples of the different types of models employed are discussed and some, but not all, of these have been used to promote research and drug discovery for central nervous system disorders. Some are completely open access, while others have some intellectual property restrictions. Going forward, more ways of promoting open innovation and the sharing of best practice, especially in the neurosciences, will stimulate research and hopefully accelerate new medicines development.

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          Most cited references25

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          Too many roads not taken.

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            Models for open innovation in the pharmaceutical industry.

            The nature of the pharmaceutical industry is such that the main driver for its growth is innovation. In view of the vast challenges that the industry has been facing for several years and, in particular, how to manage stagnating research and development (R&D) productivity, pharmaceutical companies have opened their R&D organizations to external innovation. Here, we identify and characterize four new types of open innovator, which we call 'knowledge creator', 'knowledge integrator', 'knowledge translator' and 'knowledge leverager', and which describe current open R&D models.
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              The changing model of big pharma: impact of key trends.

              Recent years have seen exciting breakthroughs in biomedical sciences that are producing truly novel therapeutics for unmet patient needs. However, the pharmaceutical industry is also facing significant barriers in the form of pricing and reimbursement, continued patent expirations and challenging market dynamics. In this article, we have analyzed data from the 1995-2015 period, on key aspects such as revenue distribution, research units, portfolio mix and emerging markets to identify four key trends that help to understand the change in strategic focus, realignment of R&D footprint, the shift from primary care toward specialty drugs and biologics and the growth of emerging markets as major revenue drivers for big pharma.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Brain Neurosci Adv
                Brain Neurosci Adv
                BNA
                spbna
                Brain and Neuroscience Advances
                SAGE Publications (Sage UK: London, England )
                2398-2128
                13 September 2018
                Jan-Dec 2018
                : 2
                : 2398212818799270
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Benevolent AI, London, UK
                [2 ]Structural Genomics Consortium, Oxford, UK
                [3 ]Action Against Age-related Macular Degeneration, London, UK
                Author notes
                [*]Ann J. Hunter, Benevolent AI, 40 Churchway, NW1 1LW, London, UK. Email: jackie.hunter@ 123456benevolent.ai
                Article
                10.1177_2398212818799270
                10.1177/2398212818799270
                7058200
                9a14f0c9-25be-40d2-af55-650e73b67ff7
                © The Author(s) 2018

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 12 February 2018
                Categories
                Review Article
                Custom metadata
                January-December 2018

                open innovation,central nervous system disorders,precompetitive collaboration

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