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      Association Between Oxytocin Receptor Genotype, Maternal Care, and Eating Disorder Behaviours in a Community Sample of Women

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          Abstract

          This study aimed to investigate associations between oxytocin receptor gene ( OXT‐R) polymorphisms (rs53576 and rs2254298), their interaction with maternal care (GxE), and ED behaviours in a community sample. We studied 3698 women from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) who participated in a two‐phase prevalence study of lifetime ED and had genotype data. The GG rs53576 genotype was associated with binge eating and purging, and the rs2254298 AG/AA genotype with restrictive eating lifetime. In addition, the rs2254298 AG/AA genotype interacted with poor maternal care to increase the odds of binge eating and purging (odds ratio = 4.40 (95% confidence intervals: 1.11–17.4)). This study replicates previous findings of an association between OXT‐R polymorphisms and ED, and it is the first to show an interaction between OXT‐R genotype and poor maternal care. As such, these findings highlight the important role of oxytocin in understanding the pathophysiology of ED. © 2016 The Authors European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

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          Most cited references38

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          ALSPAC--the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. I. Study methodology.

          ALSPAC (The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, formerly the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood) was specifically designed to determine ways in which the individual's genotype combines with environmental pressures to influence health and development. To date, there are comprehensive data on approximately 10,000 children and their parents, from early pregnancy until the children are aged between 8 and 9. The study aims to continue to collect detailed data on the children as they go through puberty noting, in particular, changes in anthropometry, attitudes and behaviour, fitness and other cardiovascular risk factors, bone mineralisation, allergic symptoms and mental health. The study started early during pregnancy and collected very detailed data from the mother and her partner before the child was born. This not only provided accurate data on concurrent features, especially medication, symptoms, diet and lifestyle, attitudes and behaviour, social and environmental features, but was unbiased by parental knowledge of any problems that the child might develop. From the time of the child's birth many different aspects of the child's environment have been monitored and a wide range of phenotypic data collected. By virtue of being based in one geographic area, linkage to medical and educational records is relatively simple, and hands-on assessments of children and parents using local facilities has the advantage of high quality control. The comprehensiveness of the ALSPAC approach with a total population sample unselected by disease status, and the availability of parental genotypes, provides an adequate sample for statistical analysis and for avoiding spurious results. The study has an open policy in regard to collaboration within strict confidentiality rules.
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            Oxytocin receptor genetic variation relates to empathy and stress reactivity in humans.

            Oxytocin, a peptide that functions as both a hormone and neurotransmitter, has broad influences on social and emotional processing throughout the body and the brain. In this study, we tested how a polymorphism (rs53576) of the oxytocin receptor relates to two key social processes related to oxytocin: empathy and stress reactivity. Compared with individuals homozygous for the G allele of rs53576 (GG), individuals with one or two copies of the A allele (AG/AA) exhibited lower behavioral and dispositional empathy, as measured by the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test and an other-oriented empathy scale. Furthermore, AA/AG individuals displayed higher physiological and dispositional stress reactivity than GG individuals, as determined by heart rate response during a startle anticipation task and an affective reactivity scale. Our results provide evidence of how a naturally occurring genetic variation of the oxytocin receptor relates to both empathy and stress profiles.
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              ALSPAC-The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                nadia.micali@mssm.edu
                Journal
                Eur Eat Disord Rev
                Eur Eat Disord Rev
                10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0968
                ERV
                European Eating Disorders Review
                John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                1072-4133
                1099-0968
                14 November 2016
                January 2017
                : 25
                : 1 ( doiID: 10.1002/erv.v25.1 )
                : 19-25
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Eating and Weight Disorders Program, Department of PsychiatryIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NYUSA
                [ 2 ] Mindich Child Health and Development InstituteIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NYUSA
                [ 3 ] Institute of Child HealthUniversity College London LondonUK
                [ 4 ] Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MAUSA
                [ 5 ] Department of EpidemiologyHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MAUSA
                [ 6 ] Eating Disorders Research Unit, Psychological MedicineInstitute of Psychiatry, King's College London LondonUK
                [ 7 ] Neuroendocrine UnitMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MAUSA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Nadia Micali, 1Eating and Weight Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

                Email: nadia.micali@ 123456mssm.edu

                Article
                ERV2486 ERV-RA-2016-07-1455.R1
                10.1002/erv.2486
                5216446
                27862641
                9a60efe1-395b-456f-a169-88b9c2d3f83f
                © 2016 The Authors European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

                This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 12 July 2016
                : 04 October 2016
                : 07 October 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 3, Pages: 7, Words: 4366
                Funding
                Funded by: UK Medical Research Council
                Award ID: 092731
                Funded by: Wellcome Trust
                Funded by: University of Bristol
                Funded by: Dowager Countess Eleanor Peel Trust
                Award ID: DHCS/08/08/012
                Funded by: NIHR Clinician Scientist award
                Funded by: Guy's and St Thomas' Charity
                Funded by: Swiss Anorexia
                Categories
                Research Article
                Research Articles
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                erv2486
                January 2017
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_NLMPMC version:5.0.0 mode:remove_FC converted:05.01.2017

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                alspac,eating disorders,oxytocin,gene–environment interaction

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