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      Earth-abundant inorganic electrocatalysts and their nanostructures for energy conversion applications

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      Energy Environ. Sci.
      Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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          Abstract

          Various classes of earth-abundant inorganic electrocatalysts for energy conversion are surveyed and their recent and ongoing development is discussed.

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          Dye-sensitized solar cells.

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            High-performance electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction derived from polyaniline, iron, and cobalt.

            The prohibitive cost of platinum for catalyzing the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has hampered the widespread use of polymer electrolyte fuel cells. We describe a family of non-precious metal catalysts that approach the performance of platinum-based systems at a cost sustainable for high-power fuel cell applications, possibly including automotive power. The approach uses polyaniline as a precursor to a carbon-nitrogen template for high-temperature synthesis of catalysts incorporating iron and cobalt. The most active materials in the group catalyze the ORR at potentials within ~60 millivolts of that delivered by state-of-the-art carbon-supported platinum, combining their high activity with remarkable performance stability for non-precious metal catalysts (700 hours at a fuel cell voltage of 0.4 volts) as well as excellent four-electron selectivity (hydrogen peroxide yield <1.0%).
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              The transition metal dichalcogenides discussion and interpretation of the observed optical, electrical and structural properties

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                EESNBY
                Energy Environ. Sci.
                Energy Environ. Sci.
                Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                1754-5692
                1754-5706
                2014
                2014
                : 7
                : 11
                : 3519-3542
                Article
                10.1039/C4EE01760A
                9aac0282-2130-4d69-9dc2-a7e41b4f903c
                © 2014
                History

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