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      Consenso da Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia para o diagnóstico, manejo e tratamento da nefrite lúpica Translated title: Consensus of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the diagnosis, management and treatment of lupus nephritis

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          Abstract

          Objetivo Elaborar recomendações para o diagnóstico, manejo e tratamento da nefrite lúpica no Brasil. Método Revisão extensa da literatura com seleção dos artigos com base na força de evidência científica e opinião dos membros da Comissão de Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico da Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia. Resultados e conclusões 1) A biópsia renal deve ser feita sempre que possível e houver indicação e quando não for possível, o tratamento deve ser orientado com base na inferência da clase histológica. 2) Devem ser implementados medidas e cuidados idealmente antes do início do tratamento, com ênfase na atenção ao risco de infecção. 3) Devem-se compartilhar riscos e benefícios do tratamento com pacientes e familiares. 4) O uso da hidroxicloroquina (preferencialmente) ou difosfato de cloroquina é recomendado para todos os pacientes (exceto contraindicação) durante as fases de indução e manutenção. 5) A avaliação da eficácia do tratamento deve ser feita com critérios objetivos de resposta (remissão completa/remissão parcial/refratariedade). 6) Os IECA e/ou BRA são recomendados como antiproteinúricos para todos os pacientes (exceto contraindicação). 7) A identificação de sinais clínicos e/ou laboratoriais sugestivos de GN laboratoriais sugestivos de glomerulonefrite proliferativa ou membranosa deve indicar início imediato de terapia específica incluindo corticosteroides e agente imunossupressor, mesmo que não seja possível comprovação histológica. 8) O tempo de uso dos imunossupressores deve ser no mínimo de 36 meses, mas eles podem ser mantidos por períodos mais longos. A sua suspensão só deve ser feita quando o paciente atingir e mantiver remissão completa sustentada. 9) Deve-se considerar nefrite lúpica refratária quando a remissão completa ou parcial não for alcançada após 12 meses de tratamento adequado, quando uma nova biópsia renal deve ser considerada para auxiliar na identificação da causa da refratariedade e decisão terapêutica.

          Translated abstract

          Objective To develop recommendations for the diagnosis, management and treatment of lupus nephritis in Brazil. Method Extensive literature review with a selection of papers based on the strength of scientific evidence and opinion of the Commission on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus members, Brazilian Society of Rheumatology. Results and conclusions (1) Renal biopsy should be performed whenever possible and if this procedure is indicated; and, when the procedure is not possible, the treatment should be guided with the inference of histologic class. (2) Ideally, measures and precautions should be implemented before starting treatment, with emphasis on attention to the risk of infection. (3) Risks and benefits of treatment should be shared with the patient and his/her family. (4) The use of hydroxychloroquine (preferably) or chloroquine diphosphate is recommended for all patients (unless contraindicated) during induction and maintenance phases. (5) The evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment should be made with objective criteria of response (complete remission/partial remission/refractoriness). (6) Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers are recommended as antiproteinuric agents for all patients (unless contraindicated). (7) The identification of clinical and/or laboratory signs suggestive of proliferative or membranous glomerulonephritis should indicate an immediate implementation of specific therapy, including corticosteroids and an immunosuppressive agent, even though histological confirmation is not possible. (8) Immunosuppressives must be used during at least 36 months, but these medications can be kept for longer periods. Its discontinuation should only be done when the patient could achieve and maintain a sustained and complete remission. (9) Lupus nephritis should be considered as refractory when a full or partial remission is not achieved after 12 months of an appropriate treatment, when a new renal biopsy should be considered to assist in identifying the cause of refractoriness and in the therapeutic decision.

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          Low health literacy associates with increased mortality in ESRD.

          Limited health literacy is common in the United States and associates with poor clinical outcomes. Little is known about the effect of health literacy in patients with advanced kidney disease. In this prospective cohort study we describe the prevalence of limited health literacy and examine its association with the risk for mortality in hemodialysis patients. We enrolled 480 incident chronic hemodialysis patients from 77 dialysis clinics between 2005 and 2007 and followed them until April 2008. Measured using the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, 32% of patients had limited (<9th grade reading level) and 68% had adequate health literacy (≥9th grade reading level). Limited health literacy was more likely in patients who were male and non-white and who had fewer years of education. Compared with adequate literacy, limited health literacy associated with a higher risk for death (HR 1.54; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.36) even after adjustment for age, sex, race, and diabetes. In summary, limited health literacy is common and associates with higher mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. Addressing health literacy may improve survival for these patients.
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            The American College of Rheumatology response criteria for proliferative and membranous renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials.

            (2006)
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              Lupus Nephritis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                rbr
                Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia
                Rev. Bras. Reumatol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia (São Paulo )
                1809-4570
                February 2015
                : 55
                : 1
                : 1-21
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [3 ] Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil
                [4 ] Universidade Federal de São Paulo Brazil
                [5 ] Universidade de São Paulo Brazil
                [6 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [7 ] Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
                [8 ] Universidade Estadual de Campinas Brazil
                [9 ] Complexo Hospitalar Heliópolis Brazil
                [10 ] Universidade Federal do Pará Brazil
                Article
                S0482-50042015000100001
                10.1016/j.rbr.2014.09.008
                25595733
                9b7af586-6600-4989-ae14-f42a28d4592c

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0482-5004&lng=en
                Categories
                RHEUMATOLOGY

                Rheumatology
                Systemic lupus erythematous,Lupus nephritis,Therapeutics,Brazil,Consensus,Lúpus eritematoso sistêmico,Nefrite lúpica,Terapêutica,Brasil,Consenso

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