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      Membrane-derived microvesicles: important and underappreciated mediators of cell-to-cell communication.

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          Abstract

          Normal and malignant cells shed from their surface membranes as well as secrete from the endosomal membrane compartment circular membrane fragments called microvesicles (MV). MV that are released from viable cells are usually smaller in size compared to the apoptotic bodies derived from damaged cells and unlike them do not contain fragmented DNA. Growing experimental evidence indicates that MV are an underappreciated component of the cell environment and play an important pleiotropic role in many biological processes. Generally, MV are enriched in various bioactive molecules and may (i) directly stimulate cells as a kind of 'signaling complex', (ii) transfer membrane receptors, proteins, mRNA and organelles (e.g., mitochondria) between cells and finally (iii) deliver infectious agents into cells (e.g., human immuno deficiency virus, prions). In this review, we discuss the pleiotropic effects of MV that are important for communication between cells, as well as the role of MV in carcinogenesis, coagulation, immune responses and modulation of susceptibility/infectability of cells to retroviruses or prions.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Leukemia
          Leukemia
          Springer Science and Business Media LLC
          0887-6924
          0887-6924
          Sep 2006
          : 20
          : 9
          Affiliations
          [1 ] The Stem Cell Biology Program, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. mzrata01@louisville.edu
          Article
          2404296
          10.1038/sj.leu.2404296
          16791265
          9b80fc21-41d1-4ea9-bee2-99a930bce162
          History

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