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      Leishmaniose mucosa: aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos Translated title: Mucosal leishmaniasis: epidemiological and clinical aspects

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          Abstract

          A leishmaniose tem sido documentada em diversos países, sendo estimada uma prevalência mundial de 12 milhões, com 400.000 casos novos de doença por ano. A leishmaniose tegumentar americana encontra-se situada entre as grandes endemias existentes no Brasil e na América Latina. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é complementar o conhecimento sobre leishmaniose mucosa, apresentando a experiência dos Serviços de Imunologia e de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitário Professor Edgar Santos da Universidade Federal da Bahia. COMENTÁRIOS: A leishmaniose cutânea é a forma mais comum de leishmaniose tegumentar americana, contudo, concomitantemente ou após anos de doença cutânea podem ocorrer lesões mucosas. A leishmaniose mucosa é causada principalmente pela L. braziliensis braziliensis e, apesar de a mucosa nasal ser a área principalmente acometida, lesões podem também ser documentadas nos lábios, boca, na faringe e na laringe. Fatores do parasito, bem como da resposta imune do hospedeiro podem estar envolvidos na patogênese da lesão tissular na leishmaniose mucosa.

          Translated abstract

          Leishmaniasis has been documented in several countries, with an estimated prevalence of 12 million people and an incidence at around 400,000 new cases per year. Leishmaniasis in the New World is one the major endemic diseases in Brazil and Latin America. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to add to the current knowdlegde on mucosal leishmaniasis, bringing the experience of the Imunology and Otolaryngology Departments in the Professor Edgar Santos University Hospital of the Federal University of Bahia. CONCLUSION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the most common form of New World Leishmaniasis; mucosal legions may occur simultaneously or after years of disease. Mucosal leishmaniasis is caused mainly by L. braziliensis braziliensis; although the nasal mucosa is the most affected area, lesions may be found on the lips, mouth, pharynx and larynx. In addition to parasite-related factors, the host immune response may be involved in the pathogenicity of lesions in mucosal leishmaniasis.

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          Most cited references14

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          Lucha contra las Leishmaniasis

          (1990)
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            Impaired macrophage leishmanicidal activity at cutaneous temperature.

            Temperature is one of the primary influences upon the pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this study, we measured the temperature of murine leishmanial lesions and determined the ability of lymphokine (LK) activated macrophages to kill Leishmania major at these temperatures. The temperature of leishmanial lesions in BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice ranged from 27 degrees C to 32 degrees C. We found that LK activated resident or inflammatory macrophages exhibited significantly less leishmanicidal activity in vitro at temperatures closer to those measured in vivo. The decrease in microbicidal activity was not due to the enhanced growth of the parasites at lower temperatures, since impaired killing was also observed against non-replicating radiation attenuated amastigotes. Finally, the tumoricidal activity of macrophages was found to be significantly depressed at temperatures below 37 degrees C, indicating a generalized impairment of macrophage function at these temperatures. These findings suggest that impaired macrophage microbicidal activity at cutaneous temperatures may contribute to parasite survival, and imply that healing of leishmanial lesions, as well as other cutaneous infections, may require an exceptionally potent local LK response.
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              Human mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in Tres Braços, Bahia- Brazil. An area of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis transmission. III- Mucosal disease presentation and initial evolution

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                rboto
                Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia
                Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol.
                ABORL-CCF Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cérvico-Facial (São Paulo )
                0034-7299
                December 2007
                : 73
                : 6
                : 843-847
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [2 ] FMUSP
                [3 ] Universidade de Graz Áustria
                [4 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [5 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [6 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [7 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [8 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                [9 ] Universidade Federal da Bahia Brazil
                Article
                S0034-72992007000600016
                10.1590/S0034-72992007000600016
                9bada525-155f-4a34-8a95-0e682e04b53b

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0034-7299&lng=en
                Categories
                OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY

                Otolaryngology
                granulomatous disease,leishmaniasis,mucosal leishmaniasis,doença granulomatosa,leishmaniose mucosa,leishmaniose

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