Research progress on lung cancer caused by welding fumes

Abstract

Welding fumes exposure increased the risk of lung cancer. The factors that cause lung cancer included: welding fume of chromium, nickel and their compounds, smoking and asbestos dust, welding types and welding materials. The results of animal experiments showed that the metal compounds in welding fumes could be deposited in lung tissue and caused persistent mild inflammation which led to increase lung tumor in animal models. Chromium, nickel, iron compounds could cause tumor separately. The use of tumor initiator pretreatment led to increase the number of lung tumor with statistical significance. The mechanisms of lung cancer development include chronic inflammation that caused by continuous deposition of carcinogenic metal oxides such as chromium and nickel in the lung. Free radicals peroxidation causes DNA damage, which acts on tumor-related genes and causes their abnormal expression and generates lung tumor cells. Activating telomerase activity may promote normal cells transform into immortalized tumor cells. By activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 and nuclear factor Kappa B signaling, welding fumes cause inflammation, DNA damage and formation of lung tumor cells. Welding fumes also intervenes immune modulatory system and leads to tumor cell formation.

Abstract

摘要： 电焊烟尘接触可致人群肺癌风险增加, 电焊烟尘致肺癌的影响因素包括电焊烟尘中铬和镍及其化合物的水平、吸 烟、与石棉尘联合接触、电焊方式和焊接材料等。动物实验研究显示, 电焊烟尘中的金属化合物可长期沉积于肺组织, 引 发持续性慢性炎症并促使肿瘤风险升髙, 其中铬、镍、铁的化合物和使用肿瘤启动剂预处理后的电焊烟尘均可致动物肺 肿瘤数增加。电焊烟尘致肺癌的机制可能包括铬、镍等致癌金属氧化物持续沉积致慢性炎症并转化成恶性肿瘤;刺激过 氧化反应生成的自由基造成DNA损伤;作用于肿瘤相关基因使其表达异常并促进肺癌细胞形成;通过激活端粒酶活性, 促使正常细胞转变为永生化肿瘤细胞;通过激活核因子红系2相关因子−2和核因子κB信号通路介导炎症和DNA过氧化 损伤使肺癌发生; 引起免疫调节系统失控, 形成肿瘤细胞等。