For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
27
views
28
references
 Top references
cited by
15
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      531
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Folate intake, serum folate levels, and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Studies have reported inconsistent results concerning the existence of associations of folate intake and serum folate levels with prostate cancer risk. This study sought to summarise the evidence regarding these relationships using a dose–response meta-analysis approach.

          Methods

          In January 2014, we performed electronic searches of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify studies examining the effect of folate on the incidence of prostate cancer. Only prospective studies that reported effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the incidence of prostate cancer for more than 2 categories of folate were included.

          Results

          Overall, we included 10 prospective studies reporting data on 202,517 individuals. High dietary folate intake had little or no effect on prostate cancer risk (risk ratio [RR] = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.95–1.09; P = 0.598). The dose–response meta-analysis suggested that a 100 μg per day increase in dietary folate intake has no significant effect on the risk of prostate cancer (RR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.99–1.02; P = 0.433). However, high serum folate levels were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (RR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.05–1.39; P = 0.008). The dose–response meta-analysis indicated that a 5 nmol/L increment of serum folate levels was also associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (RR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.00–1.07; P = 0.042).

          Conclusions

          Our study indicated that dietary folate intake had little or no effect on prostate cancer risk. However, increased serum folate levels have potentially harmful effects on the risk of prostate cancer.

          Electronic supplementary material

          The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1326) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

          Related collections

          Most cited references28

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Cancer statistics, 2006.

          Ahmedin Jemal, Rebecca Siegel, Elizabeth Ward … (2006)
          Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the number of new cancer cases and deaths expected in the United States in the current year and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival based on incidence data from the National Cancer Institute and mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics. Incidence and death rates are age-standardized to the 2000 US standard million population. A total of 1,399,790 new cancer cases and 564,830 deaths from cancer are expected in the United States in 2006. When deaths are aggregated by age, cancer has surpassed heart disease as the leading cause of death for those younger than age 85 since 1999. Delay-adjusted cancer incidence rates stabilized in men from 1995 through 2002, but continued to increase by 0.3% per year from 1987 through 2002 in women. Between 2002 and 2003, the actual number of recorded cancer deaths decreased by 778 in men, but increased by 409 in women, resulting in a net decrease of 369, the first decrease in the total number of cancer deaths since national mortality record keeping was instituted in 1930. The death rate from all cancers combined has decreased by 1.5% per year since 1993 among men and by 0.8% per year since 1992 among women. The mortality rate has also continued to decrease for the three most common cancer sites in men (lung and bronchus, colon and rectum, and prostate) and for breast and colon and rectum cancers in women. Lung cancer mortality among women continues to increase slightly. In analyses by race and ethnicity, African American men and women have 40% and 18% higher death rates from all cancers combined than White men and women, respectively. Cancer incidence and death rates are lower in other racial and ethnic groups than in Whites and African Americans for all sites combined and for the four major cancer sites. However, these groups generally have higher rates for stomach, liver, and cervical cancers than Whites. Furthermore, minority populations are more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease than are Whites. Progress in reducing the burden of suffering and death from cancer can be accelerated by applying existing cancer control knowledge across all segments of the population.
          Article 0 comments Cited 486 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            The interpretation of random-effects meta-analysis in decision models.

            A Ades, G. Lu, J. P. T. Higgins (2005)
            This article shows that the interpretation of the random-effects models used in meta-analysis to summarize heterogeneous treatment effects can have a marked effect on the results from decision models. Sources of variation in meta-analysis include the following: random variation in outcome definition (amounting to a form of measurement error), variation between the patient groups in different trials, variation between protocols, and variation in the way a given protocol is implemented. Each of these alternatives leads to a different model for how the heterogeneity in the effect sizes previously observed might relate to the effect size(s) in a future implementation. Furthermore, these alternative models require different computations and, when the net benefits are nonlinear in the efficacy parameters, result in different expected net benefits. The authors' analysis suggests that the mean treatment effect from a random-effects meta-analysis will only seldom be an appropriate representation of the efficacy expected in a future implementation. Instead, modelers should consider either the predictive distribution of a future treatment effect, or they should assume that the future implementation will result in a distribution of treatment effects. A worked example, in a probabilistic, Bayesian posterior framework, is used to illustrate the alternative computations and to show how parameter uncertainty can be combined with variation between individuals and heterogeneity in meta-analysis.
            Article 0 comments Cited 343 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Assessing the influence of a single study in meta-analysis

              A. Tobías, A Pedroza-Tobías, Tobias (1999)
              Article 0 comments Cited 96 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Rong Wang: wangrongno7@126.com
                Yan Zheng: zhengyanno7@126.com
                Jing-Yang Huang: huangjingrangno7@126.com
                Ai-Qin Zhang: zhangaiqinno7@126.com
                Yu-Hao Zhou: zhou_ly@126.com
                Jie-Ning Wang: wangjieningno7@126.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BMC Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BMC Public Health
                Title: BMC Public Health
                Publisher: BioMed Central (London )
                ISSN (Electronic): 1471-2458
                Publication date (Electronic): 29 December 2014
                Publication date Collection: 2014
                Volume: 14
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1326
                Affiliations
                [ ]Department of Urinary Surgery, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [ ]Department of Science, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [ ]Department of Nursing, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [ ]Department of Rehabilitation Institute, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
                [ ]Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
                Article
                Publisher ID: 7463
                DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1326
                PMC ID: 4320532
                PubMed ID: 25543518
                SO-VID: 9beade36-6346-4ad9-9cca-4b9689533bce
                Copyright © © Wang et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2014
                License:

                This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                Date received : 7 May 2014
                Date accepted : 15 December 2014
                Categories
                Subject: Research Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2014

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: folate,prostate cancer,dose–response,meta-analysis
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: folate, prostate cancer, dose–response, meta-analysis

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_

                Similar content531

                See all similar

                Cited by15

                See all cited by

                Most referenced authors883

                See all reference authors