Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

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Abstract

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of orthodontic treatment on anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease.

Methods

A prospective study was performed in 86 patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease. These patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the intervention methods. For the control group, patients were treated with conventional therapy. The experimental group used straight wire orthodontic technique for orthodontic treatment on the basis of conventional treatment. Comparisons were performed between two groups in term of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, inflammatory cytokines levels, and orthodontic satisfaction.

Results

Comparison of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, and inflammatory cytokines levels between two groups before treatment indicated that there were no statistical differences (all P > 0.05). After treatment, bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF- α in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05), while the serum level of IL-2 in the experimental group was more than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). Also, there was no difference for tooth root length between two groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, orthodontic satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly increased.

Conclusion

The efficacy of orthodontic treatment in patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease is higher than that of only using conventional therapy, as it helps improve their periodontal health, alveolar bone height, clinical crown length, inflammatory factor levels, and orthodontic satisfaction of patients.

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The optimal orthodontic displacement of clear aligner for mild, moderate and severe periodontal conditions: an in vitro study in a periodontally compromised individual using the finite element model

Yanning Ma, Song Li (2021)

Background Pathologic tooth migration (PTM) is a common complication of mild to severe periodontitis and proper orthodontic treatment is helpful to alleviate periodontal diseases. The goal of this study is to explore an optimal orthodontic displacement of clear aligner using a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model (FEM). Methods The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of a patient received invisible orthodontics without diabetes and other systemic diseases were collected. Based on the new classification scheme for periodontal diseases in 2017 (stage I: mild periodontitis, [M1]; stage II: moderate periodontitis, [M2]; stage III: severe periodontitis, [M3]), 3D-FEMs of mandible were established using MIMICS 10.0 and ABAQUS 6.5 softwares. The 3D stress distribution diagrams and stress value of the teeth (left lower incisor, left lower central incisor, right lower lateral incisor, and right lower central incisor) under three different periodontal conditions (M1, M2, and M3) with axial inclination 90° and 100° were obtained by ABAQUS 6.5. Results The stress of anterior teeth was concentrated in the teeth neck, and became greater when the periodontal condition was worse. The stress value of anterior teeth and the strain at the top of the alveolar crest are greater as the displacement increasing. The stress value of anterior teeth and the strain at the top of the alveolar crest in axial inclination 100° are relatively great compared to those of axial inclination 90°. For patients with excessively inclined anterior teeth (such as 100°), the optimal orthodontic displacement is 0.18 mm. In order to ensure that alveolar ridge crest is not deformed, the displacement is less than 0.18 mm (strain for 0.165 mm), 0.15 mm (strain for 0.167 mm) and 0.10 mm (strain for 0.117 mm) respectively when alveolar bone is normal, resorption 1/3 or 1/3–1/2. Conclusions The optimal orthodontic displacement for patients (M1, M2, and M3) with excessively inclined anterior teeth (axial inclination 100°) is 0.18 mm. To avoid the strain at the top of the alveolar crest, the optimal displacements for M1, M2 and M3 periodontal disease patients are less than 0.18 mm, 0.15 mm and 0.10 mm, respectively.

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Combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment in periodontal patients with anteriorly displaced incisors

Tian Cao, Li Xu, Jie Shi … (2015)

Flared and elongated incisors are associated with different types of periodontal bone defects, usually horizontal. Combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment is being used in periodontal patients with anterior displacement of the incisors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in periodontal health and the shape of bone defects in the incisors after such combined treatment.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Multiple Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis

Xin Liu, Hui LI (2022)

Aim Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that destroys both soft and hard periodontal tissues. However, a complex periodontal cytokine network remains unclear. This systematic review explored multiple cytokine gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Material and Methods A systematic search was performed using the databases from previous publications, which indicated the association between cytokine polymorphisms and periodontitis pathogenesis. Meta-analysis was conducted using fixed or randomized models to calculate the significance of multiple cytokine polymorphisms. A total of 147 articles were analyzed with polymorphisms in 12 interleukins [Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), Th2 (IL-4 and IL-13), Th17 (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17), and Treg cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β)]. Doi plot was used to probe the occurrence of publication bias. Results The polymorphisms of IL-2 and TNF-α of Th1 cytokine family may be associated with the pathogenesis or the prevention of periodontitis risk, while the polymorphism of IFN-γ is not related to periodontitis risk. The polymorphisms for IL-4 and IL-13 of Th2 cytokine family are not found to be associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. For the polymorphisms of the members of Th17 cytokine family, different IL-1α polymorphisms may have inverse actions in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. IL-1β is a noteworthy cytokine biomarker in periodontitis development and progression. IL-6 may have a protective function in the inflammatory responses of periodontitis, and IL-17 has a weak relationship the inflammatory responses. The polymorphisms for the members of Treg cell cytokines may have a protective function against periodontitis risk. LFK indexes show the major asymmetry due to publication bias. Conclusion IL-1β is a notable cytokine biomarker in periodontitis risk. Treg cytokines favor an anti-inflammatory and protective environment. Further data are needed to confirm the present conclusion due to publication bias.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Zigen Chen:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-3198

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Journal ID (publisher-id): ECAM

Title: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM

Publisher: Hindawi

ISSN (Print): 1741-427X

ISSN (Electronic): 1741-4288

Publication date Collection: 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 10 June 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 10 June 2022

Volume: 2022

Electronic Location Identifier: 6544895

Affiliations

¹Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang, China

²Department of Stomatology, Taizhou Enze Medical Center Luqiao Hospital, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang, China

Author notes

Academic Editor: Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq

Author information

Zigen Chen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0841-3198

Article

DOI: 10.1155/2022/6544895

PMC ID: 9205727

PubMed ID: 35722146

SO-VID: 9c159ed5-7d0a-4741-a9c5-e788733a4d6f

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

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Abstract

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The International Journal of Person Centered Medicine

Most cited references 26

The optimal orthodontic displacement of clear aligner for mild, moderate and severe periodontal conditions: an in vitro study in a periodontally compromised individual using the finite element model

Combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment in periodontal patients with anteriorly displaced incisors

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Multiple Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis

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