7
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Emotion Recognition and Perspective Taking: A Comparison between Typical and Incarcerated Male Adolescents

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Previous research suggests that antisocial individuals present impairment in social cognitive processing, more specifically in emotion recognition (ER) and perspective taking (PT). The first aim of the present study was to investigate the recognition of a wide range of emotional expressions and visual PT capacities in a group of incarcerated male adolescents in comparison to a matched group of community adolescents. Secondly, we sought to explore the relationship between these two mechanisms in relation to psychopathic traits.

          Methods

          Forty-five male adolescents (22 incarcerated adolescents ( Mage = 16.52, SD = 0.96) and 23 community adolescents ( Mage = 16.43, SD = 1.41)) participated in the study. ER abilities were measured using a dynamic and multimodal task that requires the participants to watch short videos in which trained actors express 14 emotions. PT capacities were examined using a task recognized and proven to be sensitive to adolescent development, where participants had to follow the directions of another person whilst taking into consideration his perspective.

          Results

          We found a main effect of group on emotion recognition scores. In comparison to the community adolescents, the incarcerated adolescents presented lower recognition of three emotions: interest, anxiety and amusement. Analyses also revealed significant impairments in PT capacities in incarcerated adolescents. In addition, incarcerated adolescents’ PT scores were uniquely correlated to their scores on recognition of interest.

          Conclusions

          The results corroborate previously reported impairments in ER and PT capacities, in the incarcerated adolescents. The study also indicates an association between impairments in the recognition of interest and impairments in PT.

          Related collections

          Most cited references32

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Research review: the importance of callous-unemotional traits for developmental models of aggressive and antisocial behavior.

          The current paper reviews research suggesting that the presence of a callous and unemotional interpersonal style designates an important subgroup of antisocial and aggressive youth. Specifically, callous-unemotional (CU) traits (e.g., lack of guilt, absence of empathy, callous use of others) seem to be relatively stable across childhood and adolescence and they designate a group of youth with a particularly severe, aggressive, and stable pattern of antisocial behavior. Further, antisocial youth with CU traits show a number of distinct emotional, cognitive, and personality characteristics compared to other antisocial youth. These characteristics of youth with CU traits have important implications for causal models of antisocial and aggressive behavior, for methods used to study antisocial youth, and for assessing and treating antisocial and aggressive behavior in children and adolescents.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: found
            Is Open Access

            Feeling, caring, knowing: different types of empathy deficit in boys with psychopathic tendencies and autism spectrum disorder

            Background Empathy dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of psychopathy, but it is also sometimes thought to characterise autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Individuals with either condition can appear uncaring towards others. This study set out to compare and contrast directly boys with psychopathic tendencies and boys with ASD on tasks assessing aspects of affective empathy and cognitive perspective taking. The main aim of the study was to assess whether a distinct profile of empathy deficits would emerge for boys with psychopathic tendencies and ASD, and whether empathy deficits would be associated with conduct problems in general, rather than psychopathic tendencies or ASD specifically. Methods Four groups of boys aged between 9 and 16 years (N = 96) were compared: 1) psychopathic tendencies, 2) ASD, 3) conduct problems and 4) comparison. Tasks were included to probe attribution of emotions to self, empathy for victims of aggression and cognitive perspective-taking ability. Results Boys with psychopathic tendencies had a profile consistent with dysfunctional affective empathy. They reported experiencing less fear and less empathy for victims of aggression than comparison boys. Their cognitive perspective-taking abilities were not statistically significantly different from those of comparison boys. In contrast, boys with ASD had difficulties with tasks requiring cognitive perspective taking, but reported emotional experiences and victim empathy that were in line with comparison boys. Boys with conduct problems did not differ from comparison boys, suggesting that the affective empathy deficit seen in boys with psychopathic tendencies was specific to that group, rather than common to all boys with conduct problems. Conclusions Although both groups can appear uncaring, our findings suggest that the affective/information processing correlates of psychopathic tendencies and ASD are quite different. Psychopathic tendencies are associated with difficulties in resonating with other people’s distress, whereas ASD is characterised by difficulties in knowing what other people think.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The development of executive functioning and theory of mind. A comparison of Chinese and U.S. preschoolers.

              Preschoolers' theory-of-mind development follows a similar age trajectory across many cultures. To determine whether these similarities are related to similar underlying ontogenetic processes, we examined whether the relation between theory of mind and executive function commonly found among U.S. preschoolers is also present among Chinese preschoolers. Preschoolers from Beijing, China (N= 109), were administered theory-of-mind and executive-functioning tasks, and their performance was compared with that of a previously studied sample of U.S. preschoolers (N= 107). The Chinese preschoolers outperformed their U.S. counterparts on all measures of executive functioning, but were not similarly advanced in theory-of-mind reasoning. Nonetheless, individual differences in executive functioning predicted theory of mind for children in both cultures. Thus, the relation between executive functioning and theory of mind is robust across two disparate cultures. These findings shed light on why executive functioning is important for theory-of-mind development.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                25 January 2017
                2017
                : 12
                : 1
                : e0170646
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Developmental Clinical Psychology Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                [2 ]Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Office Médico-Pédagogique, Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                [3 ]Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                [4 ]Consumer Decision and Sustainable Behavior Lab, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                [5 ]Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
                [6 ]Anna Freud Centre, London, United Kingdom
                [7 ]Department of Forensic Medicine and Psychiatry, Department of Communitarian, Emergency and First Aid Medicine and Psychiatry, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
                Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge, SPAIN
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                • Conceptualization: LM DB AZ TB MD.

                • Formal analysis: LM DB MD.

                • Funding acquisition: SE MD.

                • Investigation: LM DB AZ.

                • Methodology: LM DB AB MD.

                • Project administration: SE PH MD.

                • Resources: SE PH AB MD.

                • Software: DB TB MD.

                • Supervision: DB SE AB MD.

                • Visualization: LM MD.

                • Writing – original draft: LM MD.

                • Writing – review & editing: LM DB AZ SE PH TB MD.

                Article
                PONE-D-16-17659
                10.1371/journal.pone.0170646
                5266284
                28122048
                9c24c471-f82d-4ed9-9072-4c57e03faa73
                © 2017 Morosan et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 10 May 2016
                : 23 December 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 2, Pages: 16
                Funding
                Funded by: Swiss National Research Fund
                Award ID: 100019_159440
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Gertrude Von Meissner Foundation
                Award ID: ME 7871
                Award Recipient :
                This research was supported by the Swiss National Research Fund (100019_159440), and the Gertrude Von Meissner Foundation (ME 7871) to Pr. Martin Debbané and Pr. Stephan Eliez. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Science
                Cognitive Neuroscience
                Cognitive Neurology
                Cognitive Impairment
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Neuroscience
                Cognitive Neurology
                Cognitive Impairment
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Neurology
                Cognitive Neurology
                Cognitive Impairment
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Age Groups
                Adolescents
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Behavior
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Behavior
                Animal Behavior
                Collective Animal Behavior
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Zoology
                Animal Behavior
                Collective Animal Behavior
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Science
                Cognition
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Anxiety
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Emotions
                Anxiety
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Neuroscience
                Cognitive Science
                Cognitive Psychology
                Social Cognition
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Cognitive Psychology
                Social Cognition
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Cognitive Psychology
                Social Cognition
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Social Psychology
                Social Cognition
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Social Psychology
                Social Cognition
                Custom metadata
                Due to ethical concerns, we cannot publish the data. The present study involves minor subjects, forming a special group, incarcerated adolescents and publicly sharing the data would compromise participant confidentiality.

                Uncategorized
                Uncategorized

                Comments

                Comment on this article