Sex- and ALDH2-dependent differences in alcohol metabolism and psychomotor performance: a study in Han Chinese adults after binge drinking

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Background

Psychomotor impairments due to alcohol consumption may lead to a series of negative consequences. However, the influence of sex and ALDH2 polymorphism on psychomotor dysfunction has not yet been investigated.

Methods

One-hundred and three participants, genotyped for ALDH2 rs671, were administered a dose of 1.0 g/kg of white spirits. The blood ethanol concentration (BEC) and acetaldehyde concentration (BAAC) were measured at specific time intervals before and after alcohol consumption. Additionally, auditory simple reaction time (ASRT), visual choice reaction time (VCRT), pursuit tracking task (PTT) and digit-symbol substitution test (DSST) were used to evaluate psychomotor function. Linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze the effects of sex and the ALDH2 genotype on alcohol metabolism and psychomotor function..

Results

Acetaldehyde metabolism depended on both ALDH2 genotype and sex. Women with ALDH2*1/*1 genotype exhibited 2.21 to 18.27 µmol/L higher BAAC levels than men with the same genotype. Conversely, among participants with ALDH2*1/*2 genotype, BAAC levels of women were 0.25 to 31.32 µmol/L lower than men. The impact of ALDH2 genotype on psychomotor function varied across the four tests. VCRT increased significantly in men with ALDH2*1/*2 genotype compared to those with ALDH2*1/*1 at 2–4 h post-consumption. In the PTT test, the percentage of time on target decreased by 3.83% and 3.11% in women relative to men at 1 and 2 h post-consumption, respectively. Notably, ASRT performance was significantly correlated with BAAC levels. No effects of ALDH2 genotype and sex were observed on DSST performance.

Conclusions

ALDH2 genotype and sex independently or interactively contribute to alcohol-related psychomotor impairment.

Related collections

Most cited references 50

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: found

Is Open Access

Digit Symbol Substitution Test

Judith Jaeger (2018)

Abstract Purpose/Background Development of the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) was initiated over a century ago as an experimental tool to understand human associative learning. Its clinical utility, owing to its brevity and high discriminant validity, was first recognized in the 1940s, and now the DSST is among the most commonly used tests in clinical neuropsychology. Methods Specific studies and articles were reviewed to illustrate what the test measures, to evaluate its sensitivity to change, and to discuss its use in clinical practice. Results The DSST is a valid and sensitive measure of cognitive dysfunction impacted by many domains. Performance on the DSST correlates with real-world functional outcomes (eg, the ability to accomplish everyday tasks) and recovery from functional disability in a range of psychiatric conditions including schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Importantly, the DSST has been demonstrated to be sensitive to changes in cognitive functioning in patients with major depressive disorder and offers promise as a clinical decision-making tool for monitoring treatment effects in this and other disorders affecting cognition. Implications/Conclusions The DSST is sensitive to the presence of cognitive dysfunction as well as to change in cognitive function across a wide range of clinical populations but has low specificity to determine exactly which cognitive domain has been affected. However, the DSST offers a practical and effective method to monitor cognitive functions over time in clinical practice.

0 comments Cited 325 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase 2: new therapeutic opportunities.

Che-Hong Chen, Julio Cesar Batista Ferreira, Eric R Gross … (2014)

A family of detoxifying enzymes called aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) has been a subject of recent interest, as its role in detoxifying aldehydes that accumulate through metabolism and to which we are exposed from the environment has been elucidated. Although the human genome has 19 ALDH genes, one ALDH emerges as a particularly important enzyme in a variety of human pathologies. This ALDH, ALDH2, is located in the mitochondrial matrix with much known about its role in ethanol metabolism. Less known is a new body of research to be discussed in this review, suggesting that ALDH2 dysfunction may contribute to a variety of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and cancer. Recent studies suggest that ALDH2 dysfunction is also associated with Fanconi anemia, pain, osteoporosis, and the process of aging. Furthermore, an ALDH2 inactivating mutation (termed ALDH2*2) is the most common single point mutation in humans, and epidemiological studies suggest a correlation between this inactivating mutation and increased propensity for common human pathologies. These data together with studies in animal models and the use of new pharmacological tools that activate ALDH2 depict a new picture related to ALDH2 as a critical health-promoting enzyme.

0 comments Cited 251 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Alcohol and other substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Amanda Roberts, Jim L. Rogers, Rachael Mason … (2021)

Background Although evidence suggests substance and alcohol use may change during the Covid-19 pandemic there has been no full review of the evidence around this. Methods A systematic review of all available evidence was carried out to document and interpret the frequency and severity of alcohol and other substance use during the Covid-19 pandemic and their relationship to demographic and mental health variables that may suggest further clinical implications. Peer reviewed articles in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL complete and Sociological Abstracts were searched from December 2019 until November 2020. Results The search and screening identified 45 articles from 513 deduplicated records. The evidence suggests a mixed picture for alcohol use. Overall, there was a trend towards increased alcohol consumption. The proportion of people consuming alcohol during the pandemic ranged from 21.7% to 72.9% in general population samples. Unlike alcohol use, there was a clear trend towards increased use of other substances use during the COVID-19 pandemic. The proportion of people consuming other substances during the pandemic ranged from 3.6% to 17.5% in the general population. Mental health factors were the most common correlates or triggers for increased use of both alcohol and other substances. Conclusion There is an increased need for treatment for alcohol and other substance use related problems during the pandemic. Increased targeting and evidence-based interventions will also be important in the period which follows this pandemic, to improve the quality of life for individuals and families, but also to prevent additional costs to society and health systems.

0 comments Cited 159 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Yi Ye: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Yidie Lin:

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-701X

Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data curationRole: Formal analysisRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Takeshi Haseba: Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Fan Chen: Role: ConceptualizationRole: MethodologyRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Fanlai Cui: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing

Xiaoqin Yi: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing

Weihao Fan: Role: InvestigationRole: Writing – review & editing

Gangqin Li: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Writing – original draftRole: Writing – review & editing

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ann Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ann Med

Title: Annals of Medicine

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

ISSN (Print): 0785-3890

ISSN (Electronic): 1365-2060

Publication date (Electronic, pub): 28 April 2025

Publication date (Electronic, collection): 2025

Publication date PMC-release: 28 April 2025

Volume: 57

Issue: 1

Electronic Location Identifier: 2496798

Affiliations

[ ^a ]Department of Forensic Toxicological Analysis, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China

[ ^b ]Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China

[ ^c ]Department of Forensic Medicine, Kanagawa Dental University , Yokosuka, Japan

[ ^d ]Department of Legal Medicine, Nippon Medical School , Tokyo, Japan

[ ^e ]School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College , Hangzhou, China

[ ^f ]Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China

Author notes

[*]

These authors contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/07853890.2025.2496798.

CONTACT Gangqin Li gangqinli@ 123456scu.edu.cn Department of Forensic Psychiatry, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University , Chengdu, China.

Author information

Yidie Lin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-701X

Article

Publisher ID: 2496798

DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2496798

PMC ID: 12039403

PubMed ID: 40289679

SO-VID: 9c562021-868d-4e25-9ea9-c9e3d95a639c

License:

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

Sex- and ALDH2-dependent differences in alcohol metabolism and psychomotor performance: a study in Han Chinese adults after binge drinking

Read this article at

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Related collections

Sex and gender-sensitive medicine

Most cited references 50

Digit Symbol Substitution Test

Targeting aldehyde dehydrogenase 2: new therapeutic opportunities.

Alcohol and other substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Author and article information

Contributors

Journal

Affiliations

Author notes

Author information

Article

History

Page count

Categories

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 119

Most referenced authors 426