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      Antimicrobial sensitivity of Salmonella species isolated from University of Mkar Students : Susceptibility and resistance of Salmonella species, the ubiquitous, enteric, gram negative bacterial to broad spectrum beta lactams, aminoglycosides, and flouroquinolones.

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      Antimicrobial sensitivity, Drug resistance, Salmonella
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            Abstract

            The emergence of antimicrobial resistance amongst pathogenic microorganisms is a worrying public health issue which needs urgent fix. Several attempts have been made to overcome this problem, most recently, the advent of broad spectrum antimicrobial agents have been one of them. In as much, antimicrobial resistance seems to persist amongst different pathogenic genera due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. Salmonella, a causative agent of typhoid and other human systemic complications have displayed multi-drug resistance to antimicrobial agents. This research work therefore aims at investigating the antimicrobial sensitivity of Salmonella species isolated from University of Mkar students. A total of 50 stool samples were collected in sterile sample containers and isolation of Salmonella was carried out using two classical selective media, Salmonella Shigella Agar and MacConkey Agar. In-vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test was carried out following the disk diffusion method using 10 antimicrobial agents. Salmonella species displayed high rate of resistance (70%) while showing a worrying low rate susceptibility (30%) to Aminoglycosides, Antifolates and even broad spectrum Fluoroquinolones. Salmonella may have adapted, or acquired resistance inherently as it was evident in very high resistance against common antimicrobial agents like Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole, Augmentin, and Nalidixic acid. The misuse of antibiotics and therapeutics by the population is obviously the consequential factor for the acquisition of resistance among this genus. Therefore, appropriate drug administration and usage practices must be enforced by government and public health institutions to help curtail the danger of unleashing the post-antibiotic era upon us now, and in time to come.

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            Journal
            ScienceOpen Preprints
            ScienceOpen
            25 September 2020
            Affiliations
            [1 ] Biological Sciences, University of Mkar, Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria.
            Author notes
            Author information
            https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6022-5362
            Article
            10.14293/S2199-1006.1.SOR-.PPXPHED.v1
            9c6fed12-3cbf-4fa3-8998-61405b0ee475

            This work has been published open access under Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0 , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Conditions, terms of use and publishing policy can be found at www.scienceopen.com .

            History
            : 25 September 2020

            All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).
            Microbiology & Virology
            Antimicrobial sensitivity,Drug resistance,Salmonella

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