Comparison of orbicularis oris muscle strength and endurance in young and elderly adults

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Abstract

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the strength and endurance of the orbicularis oris muscle in healthy Korean (young vs. elderly adults). [Participants and Methods] A total of 60 participants (30 young adults and 30 elderly adults) were recruited. The Iowa Oral Performance Instrument was used to measure orbicularis oris muscle maximal strength and endurance. [Results] Elderly adults showed significantly lower orbicularis oris muscle strength and endurance than younger adults. [Conclusion] This study confirmed a significant age-related decrease in orbicularis oris muscle strength and endurance. The data collected will be useful as a basis for future on speech and swallowing therapy.

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Muscle strength and size are associated with motor unit connectivity in aged mice

Kajri Sheth, Chitra Iyer, Christopher Wier … (2018)

In older adults, the loss of muscle strength (dynapenia) and the loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) are important contributors to the loss of physical function. We sought to investigate dynapenia, sarcopenia, and the loss of motor unit function in aging mice. C57BL/6J mice were analyzed with cross-sectional (males: 3 vs. 27 months; males and females: 8 vs. 12 vs. 20 months) and longitudinal studies (males: 10–25 months) using in vivo electrophysiological measures of motor unit connectivity (triceps surae compound muscle action potential and motor unit number estimation), in vivo measures of plantar flexion torque, magnetic resonance imaging of hind limb muscle volume, and grip strength. Compound muscle action potential amplitude, motor unit number estimation, and plantar flexion torque were decreased at 20 months. In contrast, grip strength was reduced at 24 months. Motor unit number estimates correlated with muscle torque and hind limb muscle volume. Our results demonstrate that the loss of motor unit connectivity is an early finding in aging male and female mice and that muscle size and contractility are both associated with motor unit number.

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Age and sex differences in orofacial strength.

Heather M Clark, Nancy Solomon (2012)

This study explored age- and sex-related differences in orofacial strength. Healthy adult men (N = 88) and women (N = 83) participated in the study. Strength measures were obtained using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Anterior and posterior tongue elevation strength measures were obtained using a standard method. Tongue protrusion and lateralization, cheek compression, and lip compression measures utilized adaptors allowing the participant to exert pressure against the bulb in different orientations. Lip and cheek strength measures were greater for men than women, but tongue strength did not differ between sex groups. Strong correlations between age and strength were not observed. However, group comparisons revealed lower tongue protrusion and lateralization strength in the oldest participants. The oldest participants also exhibited lower anterior and posterior tongue elevation strength relative to the middle-age group. Cheek and lip compression strength demonstrated no age-related differences. The current study supplements and corroborates existing literature that shows that older adults demonstrate lower tongue strength than younger adults. Sex differences were noted such that men demonstrated greater lip and cheek strength but not tongue strength. These data add to the literature on normal orofacial strength, allowing for more informed interpretations of orofacial weakness in persons with dysphagia.

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Relation Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass and Hand Grip Strength in the Healthy Elderly

Hyun Iee Shin, Don-Kyu Kim, Kyung Seo … (2017)

Objective To evaluate sarcopenic indices in relation to respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in elderly people. Methods This study included 65 volunteers over the age of 60 (30 men and 35 women). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was measured using bioimpedance analysis. Limb muscle function was assessed by handgrip strength (HGS), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and gait speed. RMS was addressed by maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) using a spirometer. The relationships between RMS and other sarcopenic indices were investigated using the Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, HGS, and SPPB. Results Both MIP and MEP were positively correlated with SMI (r=0.451 and r=0.388, respectively, p<0.05 in both). HGS showed a significant correlation with both MIP and MEP (r=0.560, p<0.01 and r=0.393, p<0.05, respectively). There was no significant correlation between gait speed and either MIP or MEP. The SPPB was positively correlated with MEP (r=0.436, p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis, MIP was significantly associated with HGS and SMI (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively), while MEP was related only with HGS (p<0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that respiratory muscles, especially inspiratory muscles, are significantly related to limb muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass. The clinical significance of MIP and MEP should be further investigated with prospective studies.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Phys Ther Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Phys Ther Sci

Journal ID (publisher-id): JPTS

Title: Journal of Physical Therapy Science

Publisher: The Society of Physical Therapy Science

ISSN (Print): 0915-5287

ISSN (Electronic): 2187-5626

Publication date (Electronic): 3 December 2018

Publication date (Print): December 2018

Volume: 30

Issue: 12

Pages: 1477-1478

Affiliations

[1) ] Department of Occupational Therapy, Kyungdong University: 815 Gyeonhwon-ro, Munmak-eup, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea

[2) ] Department of Emergency Medical Services, Kyungdong University, Republic of Korea

[3) ] Department of Physical Therapy, Kyungwoon University, Republic of Korea

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[* ]Corresponding author. Kim Hee Jeong (E-mail: hjk@ 123456kduniv.ac.kr )

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Publisher ID: jpts-2018-306

DOI: 10.1589/jpts.30.1477

PMC ID: 6279697

PubMed ID: 30568338

SO-VID: 9c7a792d-9463-4651-a4f5-d585b2d56287

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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License. (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )

Comparison of orbicularis oris muscle strength and endurance in young and elderly adults

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Most cited references 6

Muscle strength and size are associated with motor unit connectivity in aged mice

Age and sex differences in orofacial strength.

Relation Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass and Hand Grip Strength in the Healthy Elderly

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