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      Utility of the ACR-1997, SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019 classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus: a single-centre retrospective study

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          Abstract

          Background and aims

          Several different versions of classification criteria, including the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-1997, Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)-2012 and European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR)/ACR-2019 classification criteria, have been launched in the past decades. The current study aimed to investigate the performance of these three classification criteria for diagnosing patients with SLE in a Chinese cohort.

          Methods

          352 patients with SLE and 385 controls with other diseases who had the detection results of ANA were enrolled into the study. Various clinical parameters were estimated, such as demographics variables, clinical characteristics and other variables related to three criteria.

          Results

          The current study demonstrated great diagnostic ability of the three criteria; and the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic ability of three criteria: ACR-1997 (AUC=0.972), SLICC-2012 (AUC=0.986) and EULAR/ACR-2019 (AUC=0.983). Despite lower specificity of the SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019 classification criteria, their sensitivity is significantly improved than ACR-1997. Of note, we also compared the median time interval between the appearance of the earliest item and fulfilment of the three sets of criteria, suggesting the SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019 could achieve earlier diagnosis. Adjusting the thresholds of the EULAR/ACR-2019 criteria from 10 to 12, the specificity and accuracy significantly increased.

          Conclusion

          The SLICC-2012 and EULAR/ACR-2019 performed well in Chinese patients with SLE and showed better early diagnosis ability. In addition, by adjusting the classification threshold, the accuracy of the EULAR/ACR-2019 classification criteria was improved.

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          Most cited references46

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          Updating the American college of rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus

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            Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus.

            The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) group revised and validated the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) classification criteria in order to improve clinical relevance, meet stringent methodology requirements, and incorporate new knowledge regarding the immunology of SLE. The classification criteria were derived from a set of 702 expert-rated patient scenarios. Recursive partitioning was used to derive an initial rule that was simplified and refined based on SLICC physician consensus. The SLICC group validated the classification criteria in a new validation sample of 690 new expert-rated patient scenarios. Seventeen criteria were identified. In the derivation set, the SLICC classification criteria resulted in fewer misclassifications compared with the current ACR classification criteria (49 versus 70; P = 0.0082) and had greater sensitivity (94% versus 86%; P < 0.0001) and equal specificity (92% versus 93%; P = 0.39). In the validation set, the SLICC classification criteria resulted in fewer misclassifications compared with the current ACR classification criteria (62 versus 74; P = 0.24) and had greater sensitivity (97% versus 83%; P < 0.0001) but lower specificity (84% versus 96%; P < 0.0001). The new SLICC classification criteria performed well in a large set of patient scenarios rated by experts. According to the SLICC rule for the classification of SLE, the patient must satisfy at least 4 criteria, including at least one clinical criterion and one immunologic criterion OR the patient must have biopsy-proven lupus nephritis in the presence of antinuclear antibodies or anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Rheumatology.
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              Systemic lupus erythematosus.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Lupus Sci Med
                Lupus Sci Med
                lupusscimed
                lupus
                Lupus Science & Medicine
                BMJ Publishing Group (BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR )
                2053-8790
                2022
                7 September 2022
                : 9
                : 1
                : e000718
                Affiliations
                [1]departmentDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology , Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
                Author notes
                [Correspondence to ] Dr Leixi Xue; xueleixi2002@ 123456163.com
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8415-7088
                Article
                lupus-2022-000718
                10.1136/lupus-2022-000718
                9462103
                9cb78a82-e33b-4151-8d36-0159ca4132fa
                © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

                This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:  http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

                History
                : 24 April 2022
                : 29 August 2022
                Funding
                Funded by: Jiangsu Social Development Project;
                Award ID: BE2019663
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001809, National Natural Science Foundation of China;
                Award ID: 81800622
                Funded by: Suzhou Health and Key Talent Project;
                Award ID: GSWS2019011
                Funded by: Suzhou Science and Technology Project;
                Award ID: SKJY2021098
                Categories
                Clinical Trials and Drug Discovery
                1506
                2250
                Original research
                Custom metadata
                unlocked

                lupus erythematosus, systemic,lupus nephritis,autoimmune diseases

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