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      Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology for Neck Masses in Childhood. An Illustrative Approach

      review-article
      * , ,
      Diagnostics
      MDPI
      cytopathology, head and neck, children

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          Abstract

          The primary indication of fine-needle aspiration cytology of the head and neck region is a thyroid nodule or a mass located in the cervical area or the head. Although a thyroid nodule may raise the suspicion of malignancy, less than one in 20 cases results in a carcinoma. In addition, the list of differential diagnoses is quite different according to the age of the patient. A number of benign lesions, such as branchial cysts, sialadenosis, and sialoadenitis are often seen in childhood and youth. The malignant lesions that are on the top of the list of a pediatric mass of the head and neck (H&N) region include rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. This critical review of the diagnostic features of a pediatric mass of the H&N region is accompanied by panels of several cytology features that may be of help to the cytopathologist and clinician.

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          Most cited references31

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          The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology: Analysis and suggestions of initial survey

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            Three-year cytohistological correlation of salivary gland FNA cytology at a tertiary center with the application of the Milan system for risk stratification

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              Techniques for thyroid FNA: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference.

              The National Cancer Institute (NCI) sponsored the NCI Thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) State of the Science Conference on October 22-23, 2007 in Bethesda, MD. The 2-day meeting was accompanied by a permanent informational website and several on-line discussion periods between May 1 and December 15, 2007 (http://thyroidfna.cancer.gov). This document summarizes matters addressing manual and ultrasound guided FNA technique and related issues. Specific topics covered include details regarding aspiration needles, devices, and methods, including the use of core needle biopsy; the pros and cons of anesthesia; the influence of thyroid lesion location, size, and characteristics on technique; the role of ultrasound in the FNA of a palpable thyroid nodule; the advantages and disadvantages of various specialists performing a biopsy; the optimal number of passes and tissue preparation methods; sample adequacy criteria for solid and cystic nodules, and management of adverse reactions from the procedure. (http://thyroidfna.cancer.gov/pages/info/agenda/)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Diagnostics (Basel)
                Diagnostics (Basel)
                diagnostics
                Diagnostics
                MDPI
                2075-4418
                22 April 2018
                June 2018
                : 8
                : 2
                : 28
                Affiliations
                Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 8440 112 St., Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada; Aneesh.Dhiman@ 123456albertahealthservices.ca (A.D.); grayj@ 123456telus.net (J.-A.G.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: sergi@ 123456ualberta.ca
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-7879
                Article
                diagnostics-08-00028
                10.3390/diagnostics8020028
                6023333
                29690556
                9d39360d-2bec-4ad6-b8ec-c7a1b65c6cec
                © 2018 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 January 2018
                : 19 April 2018
                Categories
                Review

                cytopathology,head and neck,children
                cytopathology, head and neck, children

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