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      Evaluación de la atención primaria durante la pandemia por COVID-19, en una región del Perú Translated title: Evaluation of primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Peruvian región

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN: Introducción La atención primaria es el pilar fundamental de un sistema de salud efectivo; el incumplimiento de los atributos esenciales podría contribuir al colapso de los sistemas de salud en eventuales pandemias. Objetivo Evaluar el cumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria y sus factores asociados, según perspectiva del usuario externo en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, en una región del Perú. Método Estudio transversal, que incluyó 1064 usuarios externos, seleccionados aleatoriamente. Utilizando la Encuesta se recogieron características sociodemográficas y de salud. El cumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria fue valorado con la versión modificada del instrumento PCAT-A10. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y multivariado mediante modelos lineales generalizados de la familia Poisson para evaluar ciertos factores asociados al incumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria. Resultados De los participantes, el 76,6% perciben que los atributos básicos esenciales se incumplen; asimismo, en el primer contacto (74,7%), continuidad (87,8%), coordinación (95,7%), globalidad (88,3%) y competencia cultural (75,9%). La condición de estudiante (p<0,001), autopercepción de salud regular (p=0,010), adulto de 30 a 59 años (p<0,001) y la condición de usuarios del centro de salud Subtanjalla (p=0,001), Parcona (p<0,001) y Guadalupe (p<0,001), se encuentran asociados a mayor percepción de incumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria. Conclusiones Desde la perspectiva de los usuarios externos los atributos esenciales son incumplidos en los centros de atención primaria; existen factores asociados a mayor probabilidad de percibir que estos atribuidos son incumplidos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT: Introduction Primary care attention is the fundamental pillar of an effective health system; a failure to comply with its essential attributes could contribute to the collapse of the health systems in the event of pandemics. Objective To evaluate the compliance of the primary attention's attributes and its associated factors, according to the external user's perspective in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Peruvian region. Method Cross-sectional study, which included 1064 randomly selected external users. Also, the sociodemographic and health characteristics were collected using the survey. And the compliance of the primary care attributes was valued using the modified version of the PCAT-A10 instrument. Finally, a descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed using generalized linear models of the Poisson family to evaluate certain factors associated with noncompliance with the attributes of primary care. Results 76.6% of the participants perceive that the essential basic attributes are not met; likewise, in the first contact (74.7%), continuity (87.7%), coordination (95.7%), globality (88.3%) and cultural competence (75.9%). The student condition (p<0,001), self-perception of regular health (p=0.010), adult from 30 to 59 years old (p<0.001), and the condition of users of Subtanjalla (p=0.001), Parcona (p<0.001) and Guadalupe (p<0.001) health centers were associated with a greater perception of non-compliance with the attributes of primary health care. Conclusions From the external user's perspective the essential attributes are met in primary care centers; there are factors associated with a greater probability of perceiving that these attributes are not met.

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            Primary healthcare system performance in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review of the evidence from 2010 to 2017

            Introduction The 2018 Astana Declaration reaffirmed global commitment to primary healthcare (PHC) as a core strategy to achieve universal health coverage. To meet this potential, PHC in low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) needs to be strengthened, but research is lacking and fragmented. We conducted a scoping review of the recent literature to assess the state of research on PHC in LMIC and understand where future research is most needed. Methods Guided by the Primary Healthcare Performance Initiative (PHCPI) conceptual framework, we conducted searches of the peer-reviewed literature on PHC in LMIC published between 2010 (the publication year of the last major review of PHC in LMIC) and 2017. We also conducted country-specific searches to understand performance trajectories in 14 high-performing countries identified in the previous review. Evidence highlights and gaps for each topic area of the PHCPI framework were extracted and summarised. Results We retrieved 5219 articles, 207 of which met final inclusion criteria. Many PHC system inputs such as payment and workforce are well-studied. A number of emerging service delivery innovations have early evidence of success but lack evidence for how to scale more broadly. Community-based PHC systems with supportive governmental policies and financing structures (public and private) consistently promote better outcomes and equity. Among the 14 highlighted countries, most maintained or improved progress in the scope of services, quality, access and financial coverage of PHC during the review time period. Conclusion Our findings revealed a heterogeneous focus of recent literature, with ample evidence for effective PHC policies, payment and other system inputs. More variability was seen in key areas of service delivery, underscoring a need for greater emphasis on implementation science and intervention testing. Future evaluations are needed on PHC system capacities and orientation toward social accountability, innovation, management and population health in order to achieve the promise of PHC.
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              Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                eg
                Enfermería Global
                Enferm. glob.
                Universidad de Murcia (Murcia, Murcia, Spain )
                1695-6141
                2023
                : 22
                : 69
                : 283-308
                Affiliations
                [1] Ica orgnameUniversidad Autónoma de Ica (UAI) Perú icapredica@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                S1695-61412023000100010 S1695-6141(23)02206900010
                10.6018/eglobal.521201
                9d47184a-2853-435c-ba6e-630f1128052d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 17 April 2022
                : 11 July 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 26
                Product

                SciELO Spain

                Categories
                Originales

                COVID-19,Atención primaria de salud,Atención Integral de Salud,Sistema de salud,Pandemia,Primary Health Care,Comprehensive Health Care,Health System,Pandemic

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